The Nameless Blog

Ultimate VLSI Interview Question Selection. Just have a look, you will get amazed for sure.

http://subash।nayak.googlepages.com/interview_vlsibank.pdf

GD and PI Tips from ma Foi

2006-12-04T17:47:00.000+05:30

http://www.scholarsavenue.org/wordpress/2006/11/29/gd-and-pi-tips-from-ma-foi/

DRDO :: Placement Paper - I

2006-05-13T21:23:00.000+05:30

Which is the fastest Cruise Missile?
What is Wi Fi?
The New Biotechnology Software intorduced by TCS is?
Which country is not a Member of SAARC

a) Bangladesh
b) Myanmar
c) Maldives
d) Nepal
Laser is used for what?

a) Treatment of Cancer
b) Treatment of Eyes
c) Treatment of Heart
d) Treatment of Kidney
In Which Day world Telecom Day Celebrated?
The area of red planet where the Mars Rover Landed?
Find values for a,b,c,d

c 1 1 1
0 a 1 b
_______
1 0 d 0
The minumum no. of Multiplications needed to compute x^768 is

a) 9
b) 10
c) 425
d) 767
What is Interface Control Information?
In a switch the mean arrival rate of packets is 800 Packets/sec and the the mean service
rate is 925 Packets/sec

a) .008 Sec
b) .08 sec
c) .8 sec
d) 1.1 sec
Average No. of Comparisons required to sort 3 elements is

a) 2
b) 2.33
c) 2.67
d) 3
The internal path length of a Bonary Tree with 10nodes is 25. The external path length is

a) 25
b) 35
c) 40
d) 45
The minumum number of comparisons requied to find the second smallest element in a
1000 element array is

a) 1008
b) 1010
c) 1999
d) 2000
Suppose all elements above the principal diagonal od n x n matix A are zero. If non zero
elements of the lower triangular Matrix is stored in an array B with A[1][1] stored at
B[1]. The addressing formula to the nonzero element in A[i][j]=?

a) A[i][j]
b) i(j-1)/2 +i
c) j(i-1)/2 +i
d) i(i-1)/2 +j
A harddisk has a rotation speed of 4500RPM. then the latency time is

a) .4
b) .6
c) .7
d) .9
Average transfer speed of a i/p serial line is minimum 25,000 Bytes & maximum 60000
Bytes. Polling Strategy adopted takes 4microsec(whether there is any i/p byte or not). It is assured that byte that retrived from controller before next byte arrives are lost. Then the maximum safe polling interveal is

a) 12
b) 12.33
c) 12.67
d) 32
Assume a system has 16MB cache mean Disk Access Time & cache Access time is 76.5
ns & 1.5 overall mean Access time us 465ms for each tripling the memory the miss rate is
halved. The memory required to bring down the mean Access time to 24ns is

a) 16 MB
b) 24 MB
c) 32 MB
d) 48 MB
The no. of edjes in disjoint Hamilton circuit in a complex graph with 17 edges is

a) 8
b) 9
c) 136
d) 17^2
If 100ns is Memory Access Time & 125 microsec is 1frame period. The no. of line that
can be supported in a Time Divison Switch is

a)125 Lines
b)625 Lines
c)525 Lines
d)465 Lines

Wipro - I

2006-05-13T21:13:00.000+05:30

Analytical:-

A horse is tied to the corner of a square of side 15 m with a rope of
length 14m.Find the area which the horse can graze and the area which
it cannot.
The ratio of incomes of C and D is 3:4.the ratio of their
expenditures is 4:5.Find the ratio of their savings if the savings of C if one
fourths of his income.
Find the no of ways in which four balls can be selected from 4 green
and 6 white balls
A is 6 times as fast as B and takes 100 days less to complete a work
than B. find the total no of days taken by A and B to complete the
work.
A cube is painted Black. It is divided into 125 equal cubes.find the
no of cubes which have atleast 2 sides painted black.
If a covers 15 miles in 20 minutes and 20 miles in 30 min then find
the average speed of A.
The ratio of the no of boys to teachers is 3:80.if 3/5 of the
students r girls and the no of boys is 51 more then the no of girls find the
no of teachers.( Not sure may be one more condition missing).

Technical:-

Register variables can hold

a Garbage values
b Arrays
c Double values
d All of the above
When an array is passed to a function what exactly is passed.

the values of the array
the address of the starting variable in the array.
The addresses of the elements in the array
None
Compiler recognizes the function as pure virtual function if
A The function if equated to 0.
B the function has no body
C if it is declared with the keyword virtual
D none
which of the foll is correct

A static enum num{ON,OFF}
B static const enum num{ON, OFF}
C const enum num{ON, OFF}
D None
1. What is Peer to Peer protocol?
2. What is Router, Modem, TCP/IP & in which layer they operate?
3. What is the function of router?
4. What are the different types of Modems?
5. What are the different types of Addressing?
6. How does Internet work?
7. What do you mean by Client- server?
8. Can we call server as a Peer?
9. What are the components of the Application Layer?

HR Questions:-

Very common HR questions were asked:
1. Introduce urself.
2. weakness?
3. Why WIPRO?
4. ready to relocate?
5. what do you know about Wipro?

Some questions were asked from the CV:
1. Why did you scored less in Class-XII than class-X
2. How did you get the project from MICROSOFT?
3. What are your hobbies?
4. What was the Debate Topic in which u participated?
5. How were you selected for All India Mathematics Olympiad Exam?
6. What were your contributions in the college Fest?
1. Introduce urself.
2. Family background.
3. Why JIS College of Engineering?

Accenture - II

2006-05-11T07:34:00.000+05:30

C/C++/Programming:-

Questions On
1. Ur Projects
2. memory management in Operating System.
3. Unix basic commands
4. doubly linked list
5. Fibonacci series and palindrome program in C
6. Gates(Be prepare on Digital Circuit Logic Design)
7. software development life cycle
8. complier design(phases)
9. TCP&IP and OSI Model.
10. OOPS concepts.

Personal Interview Question :: HR:-

Tell me about ur academics..
Tell me about ur family background..
What u are doing now..
Why bglore..
Hobbies..
What kind of music do u prefer..
Ur recent favourite song..
Who is ur favourite singer..
Strength..with example..
Weakness..with examples and how u can improve on this..
What is ur greatest achievement in life..
Which is ur favourite pgmng language..
Rate urself in C..
Briefly describe ur main project..
Software development life cycle..explain each phase..
Who is ur role model..why..
Where do u c urself after 2 years..
What is ur goal in life??what if company's goal is different from ur
goals..
Why should i hire you..
Any questions..

Personal Interview Question :: Technical:-

tell me about ur academics..
what was ur engg entrance rank..
why u choosed this college..
why ur aggregate is 68%..
what is ur position in ur class..
which is ur favourite language..
can u compile c pgm in c++ compiler ? wot abt the reverse?
what is a static variable..
what is the size of a float variable..
what is the size of a pointer variable..
what is paging..
what is swapping..
why each process is loaded to the main memory for execution..
what is main memory..
what is page fault..
how its handled...
who is handling that...
what is multitasking..
what is multi threading..
if in a multi user system a static variable is initialised as 10 and first user increments its value by 1 and then the second user increments its value by one..what is the value of the variable now..
what is DBMS..
what is RDBMS...
what is the difference b/w the two..
what is primary key..
whats foreign key..
whats 3rd normal form..
explain it with tables..
what are the advantages of normalisation..
1. pointer to structure.
2. static variable and difference b/w(const char *p,char const
*p,const char* const p).
3 pass by value & reference.
4. string library functions(syntax).
5. Write a program to compare two strings without using the strcmp()
function.
6. Write a program to concatenate two strings.
7. Write a program to interchange 2 variables without using the
third one.
8. Write programs for String Reversal & Palindrome check .
9. Write a program to find the Factorial of a number.
10. Write a program to generate the Fibinocci Series.
11. Searching and sorting alogorithms with complexities.

Accenture - I

2006-05-09T21:17:00.000+05:30

Personal Interview Question :: HR:-

Tell about ur fmily background
What are your Interests?
What are your positive qualities?
Introduce Yourself
Why Accenture
Biggest Achievement
Strengths and Weakness
Career Objective

Personal Interview Question :: Technical:-

Tell something abt OOP
What is inheritence
What is Polymorphism
Difference between Bubble sort and Insertion Sort
PL SQL triggers cursors strd procedures,
Write Recursive Factorial Program
Virtual functions/ Abstract classes/ Pointer functions
Explain Primary Memory, Secondary Memory, Virtual Memory
diff. b/w c++ structures & c structures
difference b/w char *str = "Hello"; char arr[] = "Hello";
list the various types of storage classes and explain the scope & lifetime of each one..
What is the minimum no. of weighing to make to find
out a heavier ball among 8 balls

C/C++:-

Questions On
1. far and near pointer
2. question on macros : macros with arguments.
3. questions on structure pointer.
4. questions on files. Lseek , fputs, fwrite.
5. sorting and searching. Time complexity of BST.
6. malloc , realloc syntax
C++:
1. Multiple, multilevel inheritance.
2. templates and using template how to overload new and delete operators.
3. container classes.
4. friend functions and how they access member functions. Its use.
5. Questions on file handling.
Study the Following Points:
a.One Cannot Take the address of a Bit Field
b.bit fields cannot be arrayed
c.Bit-Fields are machine Dependant
d.Bit-fields cannot be declared as static
Which of the Following Statements are true w.r.t Bit-Fields
A)a,b&c B)Only a & b C)Only c D)All
What is the function of ceil(X) defined in math.h do?
A)It returns the value rounded down to the next lower integer
B)it returns the value rounded up to the next higher integer
C)the Next Higher Value
D)the next lower value
Identify the correct argument for the function call fflush() in
ANSI C:
A)stdout
B)stdin
C)stderr
D)All the above
Which of the Following will define a type NODE that is a node in a
Linked list?
A)struct node {NODE*next;int x;};type def struct node NODE;
B)typedef struct NODE {struct NODE *next;int x;};
C)typedef struct NODE {NODE *next;int x;};
D)typedef struct {NODE *next;int x;}NODE;
.Study the code:

void show()
main()
{
show();
}
void show (char *s)
{
printf("%s\n",s);
}

What will happen if it is compiled & run on an ANSI C Compiler?
A)It will compile & nothing will be printed when it is executed
B)it will compile but not link
C)the compiler will generate an error
D)the compiler will generate a warning
.Look at the Code:
#include
void main()
{
char s1[]=="abcd";
char s2[10];
char s3[]=="efgh";
int i;
clrscr();
i==strcmp(strcat(s3,strcpy(s2,s1)),strcat(s3,"abcd"));
printf("%d",i);
}

What will be the output?
A)No output B) A Non Integer C)0 D) Garbage
.Look at the Code:
main()
{
int a[]=={1,2,3},i;
for(i==0;i<3;i++)>
what is the output?
#define fun(a,b,t) (g ##t==(a),(a)==(b),(b)==g##t)
float gfloat;
main()
{
float a==1.12,b==3.14;
fun (a,b,float);
printf("\na==%4.2f,b==%4.2f",a,b);
}

A)Error in Defining Macro
B)a==1.12,b==3.14
C)a==3.14,b==1.12
D)None of teh Above
study the code:
#include
void main()
{
const int a=0;
int *p;
p==&a;
(*p)++;
printf("a==%d\n(*p)==%d\n",a,*p);
}
What is printed?

A)100,101 B)100,100 C)101,101 D)None of the above
Which of the following are valid "include" formats?
A)#include and #include[file.h]
B)#include (file.h) and #include
C)#include [file.h] and #include "file.h"
D)#include and #include "file.h"

Mindtree :: Placement Paper - I

2006-05-07T19:07:00.000+05:30

What is command to know the IP and MAC address of your machine in
windows platform?
a) ifconfig b)Ipconfig/all c)ping d) All the above
MTFS, CDFS, EXT3, FAT32, and EXT2, which of the below are the windows
file system?
a) FAT32 and EXT3 b)EXT3 c) NTFS and FAT32 d) CDFS and EXT2
The completion and base lining of the users manual and installation
instructions should be an entry criteria into which of the following phase
gate reviews.
a) Critical design review b) System test readiness review c) Ready to
ship review d) Post project review
The product quality risk from testing point of view is highest when the
system under test is a
a) Standalone b) Distributed System c) Client and server d) None of the
above
Http is based on which underline protocal
a) TCP b) SNMP c) FTP d) IP
When can you say that performance of your application is high.
a) High through put low latency b) Low through put high latency c) High
through put High latency d) Low through put low latency
Which is the last/terminate state of a bug?
a) Re-open b) Defered c) Enhanced d) None of the above
Which of the following is a testing technique?
a) White box b) System testing c) unit testing d) Regression
How can you force the client to give up the dhcp lease if you have
access to the client PC?
a) ipconfig/release b) ipconfig/renew c) ipconfig/delete d)
ipconfig/new
Testing of Non-Functional requirements does not involove
a) Performance tests b) Reliability tests c) usability tests d)
Configuration tests
DNS is used to
a) MAP IP address to machine names b) MAP IP address to MAC address c)
MAP IP address to domain names d) None of the above
Based on risk exposure, which of the following risks would have the
highest priority?
a) Risk A that has a 25% probability of a problem occuring that would
cost $30,000
b) Risk B that has a 15% probability of a problem occuring that would
cost $400,000
c) Risk C that has a 25% probability of a problem occuring that would
cost $180,000
d) Risk D that has a 25% probability of a problem occuring that would
cost $250,000
When a varaible is deleted using "my" in perl, then
a) It can be accessed only within the block it is declared
b) It can be accessed outside the block it is declared
c) It is visible in routines called from the block in which it is
declared
d) It can be accessed globally across the program
what is the output of this perl statement
print join(':',split(/*/,'hi there'));
a) h:i:t:h:e:r:e
b) h:i: t:h:e:r:e
c) :h:i:t:h:e:r:e
d) h:i: :t:h:e:r:e
Which of these is reliable protocal?
a) UDP b) SNMP c) FTP d) TCP

OnMobile :: Aptitude - I

2006-05-06T22:25:00.000+05:30

A boy got bored of the class and started walking on
a hall which contained 1024 lockers in a row. He first
opened locker 1 and alternatively left one and opened
one from thereon. When he reached the end he turned
back and opened the first closed locker and from
thereon continued what he did previously. He did this
back and fro method till he opened the last locker.

What is the number of the last locker he opened?
Two mathematicians met after 27 years in their
college. This was their conversation.

First: How are you doing?
Second: Fine I got married and have three daughters.
First: Fine. I also got married 2 years after the
college. How old are your daughters?
Second: Well, Product of their ages is 72 and their
sum is equal to that house number (It was not
mentioned).
First: Wait, I am still counting.
Second: Sorry, youngest of them has just started
walking.
First: Is it! Youngest of mine is also of the same
age.

How old are the three daughters?
In the 2nd world war Japan’s war ship named J was
followed by the USA war ship U which is traveling at
100kmph. By the time U was beside J and ready to
launch the torpedo, the place was surrounded by fog
and the army-general in U could not see anything.
Taking this as a chance J changed in direction at an
angle. After 6min the general in U realized it and
informed the helicopter over it to find J. After 3
minutes the helicopter replied that J turned at an
angle 45 degrees and was 5km away from U at the time
when the general asked for it. The intelligent general
quickly turned U and successfully caught J.

How much time “U” would have taken to catch “J”?
There is a temple on the top of the hill of height
1000mtrs.Coconuts at the base of the hill are sold at
5/- each and at the top of the hill at 50/- each. One
intelligent businessman thought of buying coconuts at
the base and selling them at the top. For that he
appointed 2 people who can carry only 1000 coconuts at
a time and takes 1 coconut for every mtr of walk.

Can he succeed in his plan. If yes how much profit he
earns for a rupee of investment?
There is bag containing balls of three colors-Red,
Green and Yellow and there are three color blind
people A, B and C.
For A Red is invisible and every other color
appears Gray.
For B Green is invisible and every other color
appears Gray.
For A Yellow is invisible and every other color
appears Gray.

They were shown the box and when asked the question
what can see their replies were
A: I can see two balls.
B: I can see two balls.
C: I can see two balls.
How many balls were there in the box and of what
color?
There is a farm which contains super hens which r
genetically made to lay eggs of double size than the
normal ones. But as genetic engg. is not well
understood there is only 50-50% chance of a super hen
laying large egg.
The farm is such tht it keeps the hen as long as
it lays large eggs and removes the hen out of the farm
as soon as it lays one normal egg.
The farm followed the same process for one year
and counted all the eggs laid by all the super hens.
At the end of the year the ratio of large eggs to the
normal ones is?
There are 8 stamps, 4 Red and 4 Green. There are
three logicians also. One moderator sticks thow stamps
each on the forhead of each logician such that each of
them can see all the stamps except those on his
forhead and the two in moderator's pocket. Then the
moderator asked each whether he knows the colors of
the stamps he wears? Then the answeres were:
A: "No" B: "No" C: "No"
A: "No" B: "Yes"
What were the colours of the stamps that B wears?
There's a camel living in a desert. There is a
market 1000 miles away. The camel has 3000 dates for
sale. It has to take the date to the market. But for
that hte camel eats one date per mile. How many dates
the camel can trade?
There are following denominations of money: 1, 2,
5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 paise. Alex has as twice mony
as David, who has as twice as Bindya, who again has as
twice money as Charles. Each has two coins in hand.
Which coins Bindya has?
There are Brown and Black cows. In five days four
black cows and 3 brown cows give as mush as milk that
four brown cows and 5 black cows give in four days. If
the black cow gives 10 litres of milk per day, how
many liters of milk the Brown cow will give in one
day?(Numbers are not certain)
One guy (some name) has Rs. 100/- in hand. He has
to buy 100 balls. One football costs Rs. 15/, One
Cricket ball costs Re. 1/- and one table tennis ball
costs Rs. 0.25 He spend the whole Rs. 100/- to buy the
balls. How many of each balls he bought?
U need 2 kill a dragon with 3 heads & 3 tails. u
have a magic sword dat can cut 1 head, 2 heads, 1
tail, or 2 tails in 1 swing.
if 1 head is cut -> a new head grows
if 1 tail is cut -> 2 tails grow
if 2 tails r cut -> 1 head grows
if 2 heads r chopped -> nothing grows. What is d min.
num of swings 2 b made?
Slow train runs b/w Blore & Mumbai, up as well as
down. It starts at 10:00pm everyday & reaches
destination by 11:30pm after 3 days. If u travel by
Slow train, how many such trains will u encounter
during journey?
A num of birds, black & white, r sitting on thhe
tele wire. There is at least 1 bir of each color, also
whenevr 2 birds are seperated by 4 or 7 other boirds
of any color, both birds r of same color. Wot is the
max. num of birds dat can b seated in this fashion?
5 ppl, A, B, C, D, E are supposed 2 cover a certain
distance from their car to a house. There is only 1
umbrela dat can b shared by 2 ppl at a time.
It takes 1min for A 2 cover the dist, B->2 min,
C->5min, D->10min, E->15min.
Wot is d quickest poss time 4 the entire grp 2 get
into the house?
Mr.X belongs 2 a grp of 8 ppl including himself. In
d meeting, nobody shakes hands with the same person
more than once but everyone shakes hands with at least
1 person.
After the meeting is over, Mr.X realizes dat all the
other ppl in the party had shook a diff num of hands.
How many hands did Mr.X shake?
Old Man Wrinkle
------------------------
Man Wrinkle spent one-fourth of his life as a boy,
one-eighth as a youth, and one-half as an active man.
If Man Wrinkle spent 8 years as an old man, then how
many years did he spend as an active man?
A farmer has C chickens.A sack of feed comes for 9
days.As the feed cost is increasing the
farmer sells some chickens and retains 12 chicken.If
he reduces the feed quantity by 10% .Then
he observesthat the feed comes for 30 days.What is C?
The Carpenter and the Nails
----------------------------------
A 31" x 31" square metal plate needs to be fixed by a
carpenter on to a wooden board. The carpenter uses
nails all along the edges of the square such that
there are 32 nails on each side of the square. Each
nail is at the same distance from the neighboring
nails. How many nails does the carpenter use?
Vacation time
-----------------
It was vacation time, and so I decided to visit my
cousin's home. What a grand time we had! In the
mornings, we both would go for a jog. The evenings
were spent on the tennis court. Tiring as these
activities were, we could manage only one per day,
i.e., either we went for a jog or played tennis each
day. There were days when we felt lazy and stayed home
all day long.
Now, there were 12 mornings when we did nothing, 18
evenings when we stayed at home, and a total of 14
days when we jogged or played tennis. For how many
days did I stay at my cousin's place?
Monkeys and bananas:
--------------------------
Suppose 8 monkeys take 8 minutes to eat 8 bananas.
(a) How many minutes would it take 3 monkeys to eat 3
bananas?(b) How many monkeys would it take to eat 48 bananas
in 48 minutes
Glenn and Jason each have a collection of cricket
balls. Glenn said that if Jason would give him 2 of
his balls they would have an equal number; but, if
Glenn would give Jason 2 of his balls, Jason would
have 2 times as many balls as Glenn. How many balls
does Jason have?
A set of football matches is to be organized in a
"round-robin" fashion, i.e., every participating team
plays a match against every other team once and only
once.
If 21 matches are totally played, how many teams
participated?
Gold coins:
----------------
A rich merchant had collected many gold coins. He did
not want anybody to know about them. One day, his wife
asked, "How many gold coins do we have?"
After pausing a moment, he replied, "Well! If I divide
the coins into two unequal numbers, then 37 times the
difference between the two numbers equals the
difference between the squares of the two numbers."
The wife looked puzzled. Can you help the merchant's
wife by finding out how many gold

Yahoo India :: Placement Paper - I

2006-05-06T22:18:00.000+05:30

Algorithm to partition set of numbers into two s.t. diff bw their
sum is min and they hav equal num of elements
Prog: given Numerator & Denominator.... print 0.3333333333 as .(3)
0.123123 as .(123)
There are $1070 dollars how to split them into bags such that asked
for any denomination from $1 to $1070 , u must b able to give without
opening bag...
Which is DS used for chess program...to predict move each and every
time..
Which is the DS used in dictionary mode in mobile (t9)
Write 1,3,6,4 using +,-,*,/ to get 24 (no repeat of numbers)
In 1000 wine bottles stack 10 are poisoned given 10 rats what is
the minimum number of tries to find the poisoned one. Rat dies once it
licks the poisoned wine.
2n+1 numbers in a list except for 1 num all had duplicates, how to
find duplicate in O(n)
In a village in each family they give birth to children till they
get a boy. IF girl child they try again. What is the ratio of boys to
girls.

Infosys :: Aptitude - I

2006-05-05T17:20:00.000+05:30

BE * BE = ACB. Identify A,B,C. Ans : BE = 19
1/3 of water gets evaporated from a fully filled jar on the first day.
On the second day 2/3 rd of the left portion gets evaporated. What is
the amt of water left.
There are 9 cards in three rows and three columns. There is a Red card
either in the first or second row. There are Three yellow cards occupying
3 columns. There are three green cards one in each row, and one being in
the last column. There are two Blue cards one being in the last row.
Identify their locations.
I was in one of the 9 Aero-planes packed in a single rowIf the product
of my place from right and the planes to my left is lesser by three than
the product when I was shifted by 3 position towards right.
What is my position? (The figures in this pbm may not be exact).
M, T, K, E, and A went to collect berries. Only M collected 40 berries.
She distributed them among all others, keeping nothing for her. On the
way T found 2 berries, K lost 2, E doubled her qty, and A lost half of
what she had. Then all of them were left with equal berries.How many
beries did M give to each of them.
I walk down the escalator. If I walk 24 steps I require 34 min. If I walk
down 36 steps I need 26 min. What are the no of steps on the escalator.
( Puzzle no 27 of PUZZLES TO PUZZLE YOU by Shakuntala Devi)
There are five people. Each one has a coin on his fore head. It is black
if he is a liar else it is white. A says I can see four Blacks. B says I
can see 2 black and 2 whites. WHo is lieing.
A person was collecting end pieces of Cigerettes. He was managed to collect 49
pieces. We need 7 such pieces to make new one. So how many Cigerettes he can
make?
A person moving from a place(camp)., towards East one mile, then towards North
half mile, towards West 1/4 the mile, towards South 1/8th mile and again
towards East 1/16th mile and so on. That is the distance between him and the
starting point.
500 men were arranged in 10 rows and 50 columns. They picked the oldest person
from each row and the tallest of these persons is 'A'. They replace them in
their places and again picked tallest person from each column and the shortest
of these persons is 'B'. Assume A & B are different people. Who is the
tallest person among A & B?
The product of two nonzero numbers is 1,000,000,000. What are the
numbers ? (Both number don't contain any zero)
There is Mathematician. He met his friend and asked about his children.
His friend told in the form of a problem that he has three children. The
product of their ages is 36. The addition of their ages is the door number
of his left side house. Mathematician went and checked the door number
He told that the clues are not sufficient. He gave another clue that
is his younger daughter is clearly younger. What are their ages ?
There is a light glows in the interval of 13 sec. It glows first at one
hour 54 minutes 50 seconds and the last glow is at 3 hour 17 minute and 49
seconds. How many times is that light glow, with in these two times ?
After spending 1/3 of money and then 1/4th of what remained and finally 1/5th
of what remained, I found that I had Rs.100/- left. How much money I had
at first ?
A Black Smith was given a chain torn into equal sections of 3 links
each and asked to fix it. How many links(minimum) would he has to open
up and reforge ?
There are six boxes, of which some boxes contain only red balls and some other
boxes contain only Black balls. The number of balls in six differnet boxes are
5,6,12,14,23,and 29. If he sells
first person : I am sure you are at least 40 years old and I am 5 years
younger than you.
second person : I am 35 and you are atleast 5 years elder than me. None
of these persons spoke truth. What are their ages ?
Orange cup has Orange Juice. White cup has apple Juice. %0 ml of
Orange Juice is taken and mixed with Apple Juice. From that mixture
50 ml is taken and poured into Orange cup. Now whether apple Juice
in Orange Cupis more or Orange Juice in White cup is more and by what amount?
Ms. Sheela goes her home by car from Station. Her driver comes and
picks her up daily at 5.00 p.m. One day Sheela arrives at Station one
hour earlier and starts walking towards home. On the way driver
picked her up. By this they reached home 30 minutes earlier. For how
long she was walking ?
Some students went on a trip to Goa in holidays. Unfortunately it
rained on some days. In a surprising manner if it rained in the
morning, they had a good afternoon and vice versa. They had 11 morning
visits and 12 afternoon visits. Altogether it rained for 13 days
during their stays. What is the duration of Holidays ?
A survey was conducted for 100 people by Door Darshan
1. 44 people watched channel I
2. 43 " " " II
3. 27 " " " III
4. 17 " " " I & II
5. 14 " " " I &III
6. 13 " " " II & III
7. 23 watched none.
How many watched I II & III ?
Two Swimmers at different rate but at constant Speed were swimming.
They met at 18 meters from deep end. Both swimmers took rest for
4.5 seconds. During their return they crossed at 10 meters from
ashlor end. What is the length of the pool ?
Mr. Raj goes to Office by Train. First train in Main line Starts at
5:02:0. In Harbour Line it starts at 5:10:0. Every Ten minutes there
is one train. What is the probability that Raj travels in harbour line
at a random time of Driving the Station?

Oracle :: Aptitude - I

2006-05-03T23:48:00.000+05:30

Questions 1-3 are based on the following:

In a group there are five persons A,B,C,D and E. There
is a sitarist, a professor and a sports person in
thegroup. E is the husband of a member of the
group.This couple is the only married couple in the
group. B is the brother of C. B is neither a professor
nor a sports person. None of the women is either a
sitarist or a sports person. A and D are unmarried and
neither of them is a sitarist or a professsor or a
sports person.


1. Which of the following people is E's wife?

          1]A   2]B    3]C    4]D

2. Who is a sports person?

          1]A   2]E    3]B    4]C

3. Who is a sitarist?

          1]B    2]A    3]C    4]D

4. In a factory, 'a' men work 'b'  hours a day and
produce 'c' articles each day. If 'd' men are
released, how many hours a day will the remaining men
have to work to produce 'c'articles each day?

         1]ab/d    2]ab/b    3]a-d/b    4]ab/a-d

5. A county cricket team has won 10 matches and lost
4. If these matches represent 70% of the matches to be
played, how many more matches should the team win so
as to have a record of 75% iwns?

      1]5     2]6     3]4      4]3

For questions 6-10, read the passage and answer the
questions that follow:

    At a time when impressive breakthroughs in
technology are providing new and better products and
services, when improved communications are
transforming thw world into a global village, and when
democracies are sprouting in former communist lands,
we are simultaneously witnessing events that makie us
questioin whether so much progress is indeed
"progress".
    For example, we see reports of widespread
bribery by Italina and Japanese government officials,
exorbitant salaries for executives in North America,
extensive environmental pollution in eastern Europe,
and other instances of immoral or morally questionable
conduct in our organizations. In many otherwise
prospeous and afluent cities, we see an increase in
the numbers of homeless people. Even those who are
fortunate enough to have a job find that work is not
only not an opportunity for growth, but a source of
anxiety and insecurity.
    In the popular media as well as in academic
journals, we see great interest in the proposition
that business and other organizations leaders need to
become more responsible not just ot their stock
jolders but also to other stake holders- consumers,
employees, suppliers,government, and locla communites.
     Put simply, the quality of life and perhaps the
survivial of society depend on the moral caliber of
its members. This moral caliber, however, is largely
determined by people in leadership positions. The way
leaders function in their positions of influence
directly contributes to strengthening pr weakening the
moral fiber or society. The lives of Buddha, Mohammed,
Lao-Tzu, Gandhi and Socrates attest to their salutary
influence in their own way as well as for all time.
     A human being functions not just through the
physical body but also through the use of the
intellect and the will. The intellect penetrates those
deep levels of reality that are spiritual in nature
but that the physical senses and processes cannot
access. It does this through abstract concepts and
ideas that help to make sense of and give meaning to
the acts in the light of spiritual knowledge. It helps
us to make moral choices in living a spiritually
guided life.
    How do we describe the concept of spirituality
and its place in that domain? Spirituality is
difficult to define in a manner that is universally
acceptablke because religious beliefs and rites differ
widely age to age and from one society to another.
However, if we analyze the spiritual experience per se
and its behavioral manifestations among individuals of
different religious backgrounds, there is much accord
on the understanding and appreciation of the essence
of spirit at three levels: cognitive, affective, and
outward behavior.
    At a cognitive level,spiritual experience
represents a realization that,a t the core of human
existence, there is set of virtues and vices. Virtues
- prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance- are
good habits that enable us to stirve toward relizng
our full potential. Ideally, the goal of human life is
to live these values and overcome the vices.
   At an affective or emotional level, the spiritual
experience represents a complete trust and dependence
on such virtues. In its most sublime, the spiritual
experience represents a complete identification with
these values,or with an individual embodying these
values, tha aim being to achieve some forme of
enduring blissful state of existence.
   How is the spiritual experience expressed in
outward behavior? What are the sources of the norms
andd principles within the spiritual domain? Response
to such questions generally come from prescriptions of
moral observance of the laws. It is not a question of
an act being legal or illegal, but whether the act is
good or evil. A morally good act is necessarily an
expression of a spirtual act.
   The ability to distinguish between morally good
and evil acts is critical to the formation of
character. Knowing ehtical principles alone is of
little value unless we make an effort to habitually
incorporate these principles in our behaviour.
   In the final analysis, the reward of the
spiritual experience is that it enables each
individual to grow and fully realize the tremendous
potential unique to that person. If a good moral
character is of the essence of every human being,
thern with much greater reason does it become so of
leaders who, in the words of Stanford management
professor Harold Leavitt, by their "vision, values,
and determination, add soul to the organization".


6. The author does not consider the progress made as
'progress' as there is

   1]widespread corruption.  2]environmental
pollution.
   3]widespread poverty.   4]all of the above.

7. The author draws the analogy of Buddha and Gandhi
to emphasize that

  1]organizational leaders need to be more
responsible.
  2]a society is known by its leader(s).
  3]the quality of a society is determined by the
quality of its leader(s).
  4]survival of the leader is determined by its
society.

8. According to the passage

  1]academic journals advocate progress in society.
  2]there is extensive environmental pollution in
Japan.
  3]affluent cities witness the greatest number of
homeless people.
  4]breakthroughs in technology have transformed the
world into a global village.

9. If a person follows certain values as principles,
then he is appreciating the essence of spirit at the

  1]cognitive level.     2]emotional level.
  3]social level.      4]both 2&3.

10. The author is likely to agree with all of the
following except

 1]knowledge of ethical values will lead to the full
realization fo one's potential.
 2]spiritual acceptance of values by the individuals
of the society will lead to its progress.
 3]a morally good act is an expression of
spirituality.
 4]man functions through both body and mind.

11. Derek and Saily together have $300. After giving
Saily $40, Derek finds that he has 1/4 tha amount that
Saily has. How much money does Derek have now?

1]$60  2]$100   3]$80   4]$40

12.Jason purchased  60 shares of Trump corporation sat
$40 and later bought 40 more at $36. At what price
should he purchase 50 additional shares so that the
average cost of the shares is $35?

1]$26.40   2]$20.50  3]$28.20   4]$29.00

13. Mike loves hiking. He starts from point A and
walks 4 miles due east to point B. from there he walks
3 miles south to point C. From point C he walks 8
miles east to point D and from there he walks 6 miles
west to point E. What is the shortest distance between
point A and point E?

  1]8 miles 2]5 miles 3]7 miles  4]6.7 miles

Questions 14-15 are based on the following:

The inhabitants of Kya-Kya island always answer any
question with two sentences; one of which is true and
the other is false.


14. You are looking for Venkat's house and you meet
three people- Anand, Ravi and Som. You ask them "Which
is Venkat's house?"

Anand says:Venkat's house is No.9, I am his
neighbour.
Ravi says:Anand is not my neighbour.Anand and Som
live in the same house.
Som says:Venkat's house is not No.9. Anand is Ravi's
neighbour.
         There are only two houses and four people
in Kya-Kya. Two people live in each house.

From the above you can decide that

1]Venakt stays in house No.9  
2]Venkat does not stay in house No.9
3]Venakt does not stay in Kya-Kya.
4]Ravi and Som stay together.

15. Who stays with Anand?

1]Ravi  2]Venkat   3]Som    4]Can't say.


Questions 16-17 are based on the following:

The average life expectancy for the United States
population as a whole is 73.9 years, but children born
in Hawaii will live an average of 77 years, and those
born in Louisiana,71.7 years. If a newly wed couple
from Louisiana were to begin their family in Hawaii,
their children would live longer than if the couple
began their family to Louisiana.


16. Which of the following, if true, would most
seriously weaken the conclusion drawn in the passage?

1]Insurance company statisticians do not believe that
moving to Hawaii will significantly lengthen the
average Louisianian's life.
2]The governor of Louisiana has falsely alleged that
statistics of his state are inaccurate.
3]The longevity attributed to Hawaii's current
population is attributed mostly to genetically
determined  factors.
4]Thirty percent of all Louisianians can expect to
live longer than 77 years.

17. Which of the following, if true, would most
significantly strengthen the conclusion drawn in the
passage?

1]As population density increases in Hawaii,life
expectancy figures for the state are likely to be
revised downward.
2]Environmental factors tending to favor longevity
are abundant in Hawaii and less numerous in Louisiana.
3]Over the last decade, average life expectancy has
risen at a higher rate for Louisianians than for
Hawaiians.
4]Twnty-five percent of all Louisianians who move to
Hawaii live longer than 22 years.


For questions 18-21,read the following paragraph:

 Nursery "Hara Bara" plans to undertake a project of
planting 100 sunflower plants daily for the next 100
weeks.Further,15% of the remaining plants die within 4
weeks of plantations.If a plant survives till the end
of 4th week it becomes available for sale, and the
company sells it iommediately at the beginning of the
next week at a fixed price of Rs.35 per plant.


18. Total number of plants sold by the end of 10 weeks
is

1]4760   2]2730   3]4550    4]2856

19. Total revenue generated by the nursery(in Rs.000s)
from the project is

1]1666.0   2]1592.5   3]1246.0  4]None of these.

20. Revenue generated by the nursery by the end of
50th week is what proportion of total revenue
generated by the project?

 1]48.2%   2]46%    3]50%   4]53%

21. A pesticide available in the market reduces the
number of plants dying within 4 weeks of plantation by
25%. If each bottle of pesticide costs Rs.770 and
lasts for seven days and the nursery starts using it
only on the plants planted after the 50th week, the
net income (in Rs.'000s) from the project (net of
pesticide expenses) is:

1]1592.5   2]1725.5    3]2106.5   4]None of these.

22. Forty percent of the members of a singles club are
men. Eighty percent of he single men and 90 percent of
the single women own automobiles. A car is found in
the parking lot. What is the probability that hte car
belongs to a woman?

1]0.8352   2]0.6279   3]0.4869   4]0.5535

23. Three boxes, identical in appearance, each have
two drawers. The first box contains a  gold coin in
each drawer. The second contains a silver coin in each
drawer. But the third contains a gold coin in one and
a silve coin in the other. A box is chosen, one of its
drawers opened and a gold coin found. What is the
probability that the other contains a silver coin?

1]1/2   2]1/3   3]1/6   4]1/4

Questions 24-25 are based on the following:

The fewer restricitons there are on the advertising of
legal services, the more lawyers there are who
advertise their services, and the lawyers who
advertise a specific service usually charge less for
that service than lawyers who do not advertise.
Therefroe, if the state removes any of its current
restrictions, such as the ones against advertisements
that do not specify fee arrangements, overall consumer
legal costs will be lower than if the state retains
its current restrictions.


24. If the statements are true, which of  the
following must be true?

1]Some lawyers, who now advertise will charge more
for specific services if they do not have to specify
fee arrangements in the advertisements.
2]More consumers will use legal services if there are
fewer restrictions on the advertising of legal
services.
3]If the restriction against advertisements that do
not specify fee arrangements is removed more lawyers
will advertise their services.
4]If more lawyers advertise, lawyers who do not
advertise will also charge less than they currently
charge for those services.

25. Which of the following. if true, would most
seriously weaken the argument concerning overall
consumer legal costs?

1]The state has recently removed some other
restrictions that had limited the advertising of legal
services.
2]The state is unlikely to remove all of the
restrictions that apply solely to the advertising of
legal services.
3]Most lawyers who now specify fee arrangements in
their advertisements would continue to do so even if
the specifications were not required.
4]Most lawyers who advertise specific services do not
lower their fee for those services when they begin to
advertise.

26.In a certain election only 2/5th of the voters
promised to vote for P and the rest for Q. However on
the day of elections, 15 voters went back on their
promise to P and voted for Q. Similarly 25 voters went
back on their promise to Q and voted for P, P lost the
election by two votes. The number of votes in the
election is

 1]90    2]110   3]130   4]None of these.

27. A bath has two taps and a waste pipe. One of the
taps on the ownwould fill the bath in ten minutes, the
other would take a quarter of an hour, the waste pipe
can empty a full bath in exactly seven and half
minutes. Now if we start with an empty bath with both
taps fully on, when (if ever) will the bath be full if
the waste pipe is left open?

 1]15 min   2]44 min   3]22.5 min   4] 30 min

Questions 28-30 are based on the following
From exactly seven people- R,S,T,U,X,Y and Z- a
group of exactly four must be selected in accordance
with the following conditions:
   If R is selected, T must also be selected.
   If S is selected, U must also be selected.
   If X and Y are both selected, T cannot be
selected.

28. If X and Y are both selected together, which of
the following must also be selected?
  1]R   2]S   3]U   4]Z

29. If S and Z are both selected, each of the
following could also be selected except:
  1]R   2]T   3]U   4]X

30.If U is not selected, which of the following can
be, not does not have to be, selected?
  1]R  2]S   3]T   4]X

TCS :: Aptitude and Resoning - I

2006-05-02T17:40:00.000+05:30

APTITUDE:-

1.) two pencils cost 8 cents. then 5 pencils cost?
(20 cents)

2. A work is done by the people in 24 minutes. One of them can do
this workalonely in 40 minutes. How much time to do the same work
for the second person?
(60 minutes)

3. A car is filled with four and half gallons of fuel for a round trip.
Fuel is taken 1/4 more in going then coming. What is the fuel
consumed in coming up? (2 gallons)

4.Low temperature at the night in a city is 1/3 more than 1/2 high as
higher temperature in a day. Sum of the low tem. and highest temp.
is 100 degrees. Then what is the low temp? (40 deg.)

5. A person, who decided to go to weekened trip should not
exceed 8 hours driving in a day. Average speed of forward journey
is 40 m/h. Due to traffic in sundays, the return journey average speed
is 30 m/h. How far he can select a picnic spot?
a) 120 miles
b) between 120 and 140 miles
c) 160 miles
ans: 120 miles

6. A salesperson multiplied a number and get the answer 3,
instead of that number devided by 3.
what is the answer he actually has to get?
1 x 3 = 3
so number = 1
devided by 3, the ans. is 1/3.

7. A ship started from port and moving with I miles per hour and another
ship started from L and moving with H miles per hour.
At which place these two ships meet? (between I and J, nearer to J)
|----|----|----|----|----|----|
port G H I J K L

8. A building with height D shadow upto G. A neighbour building with
what height shadows C feet. (height = B ft)
|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|
A B C D E F G H

9. A person was fined for exceeding the speed limit by 10 mph.
Another person was also fined for exceeding the same speed limit
by twice the same. If the second person was travelling at a
speed of 35 mph, find the speed limit. (15 mph)

10.A bus started from bustand at 8.00am, and after 30 minutes staying
at destination, it returned back to the busstand. The destination
is 27 miles from the busstand. The speed of the bus is 18mph. In
return journey bus travels with 50% fast speed.
At what time it returns to the busstand? (11.00am).

11.In a mixture, R is 2 parts, S is 1 part. In aoder to make S to
25% of the mixture, howmuch R is to be added? ( one part of R)

12. wind flows 160 miles in 330 min, for 80 miles how much time required.

13. with 4/5 full tank vehicle travels 12 miles, with 1/3 full tank
how much distance travels ( 5 miles )

14. two trees are there. one grows at 3/5 of the other in 4 years,
total growth of trees is 8 ft. what growth will smaller tree will have
in 2 years ( < 2 ft. )

15. A storm will move with a velocity of towards the centre in hours,
At the same rate how much far will it move in hrs.
( but the answer is 8/3 or 2 2/3 )

REASONING:-

NOTE:- Below questions along with answers are directly copied and pasted from a large text file containing a large number of questions. The accuracy of these answers are is not known to me. Better sit with 2-3 friends and get the answers by solving urselves. These are some paragraphs followed by 3-4 statements. The student has to mark these statements as T (True), F (False), or C (Can't say) based on the informations provided in the paragraph

> > A.
> > my father had no brothers but his 3 sisters are all married and each has 2
> > children.my grandfather has 2 sons.

> > 1.mu father was an only child F
> > 2.3 of my aunts have sons C
> > 3.i have six cousins on my mother's side C
> > 4. i have only one uncle F

> >
> > B.
> > Senior managers in a leading company said that new japanese investment
> > in india was transforming the car industry and warned that jobs were
> > under threat from japanese competition. they stated that increasing
> > competition would be coupled with an in evitable downturn i the car market
> > and the recent rise in interst rates whaich had already hit demand.

> > 5.some senior managers said that more people will want to buy new cars in
> > the future. F
> > 6.managers told workers that japanese workers are taking jobs away from
> > indian workers in the car industry. F
> > 7.the managers issued their warning after a rise in interest rates. T
> > 8.the increased rate of the interest will mean that japanese firms will
> > cease to operate in this country. C

> >
> > C.Researchers in mumbai have found that certain types of gallstones can be
> > dissolved by injecting them with a gasoline additive in the form of ether
> > the ether is injected through a tube directly into a tube directly into
> > the gallbladder.the one day treatment works only on cholesterol-based
> > stones.not those composed largely o calcium.however as the clolesterol
> > stones are by far the most common typefor millions of gallstones
> > sufferers the treatment should offer a welcome alternative tosurgery
> > the commonest option in nost hospitals.

> > 9.injecting ether into the gallbladder dissolves most gallstones T
> > 10.surgery is the only treatment for calcium stones T
> > 11.hundreds of peoplecontains calcium stones C
> > 12.calcium stones will be cured in one day F

> >
> > D.organising the home can be perceived as conferring power so large
> > numbers of women are unwilling to let go of chores,even when they have
> > careers.a survey found that,out of 65 new marriages not one single wife
> > expected her husband to share work equally.according to the family policy
> > studies center 81% working wives return home to do all th cooking.The
> > average male has nearly half as much more tfree time at weekends
> > than his wife and the typical new father spends just 37 seconds a day
> > talking to his baby.

> > 13.most working wives do not expect their husbands to share chores
> > equally. T
> > 14.the average wife has half as much free time at weekends as her husband.
> > F
> > 15.some women collude in the unequal distribution of house hold work
> > because they want to retain control C
> > 16. 39% of all men with working wives do the cooking and all the cleaning
> > F

> >
> > E.confucius said that to know the future we have to understand the pasthis
> > time transport ,communications and scientific knowledge were less
> > developed than they are today.news took weeks to travel where as today
> > satellite links connect the continents virtually instantaneously.but
> > our technological advances in the field of communications seem not to have
> > improved our capacity to understand one another

> > 17.in confucius daay people were more intelligent C
> > 18.we understand each otheer better now than in confucius time because
> > we can travel more quickly. F
> > 19.we have made great improvements in transport since confucius day T
> > 20.none of our scientific discoveries has really improved our lives C

> >
> > F.words in totalitarian systems have aN Unhealthy importance and in such
> > states now attempting to return to a more democratic normality there has
> > been a natural inevitable and healthy devaluation of words whereas
> > previouslu a single word used in a sppech or even a play or poem could be
> > a serious political event now the words come cheaper almost free.
> > politics is politics again and poetry only poetry

> > 21.totalitarian state devalue words T
> > 22.only non-totalitarian regimes produce poetry of political importance
> > T
> > 23.writers under totalitarian regimes have to choose their words care
> > fully T
> > 24. the democratic political system is healthier than others C

>
>
> G.statistics show that millions of vehicals have beencarried by shuttle
> over the past 30 years through alpine tunnels withouty one ever catching
> tire.in the alpine tunnels.drivers and passengers sit in theirvhehicals on
> the shuttle trains.only one vehical has evercaught fire on the bussy
> french motorail equivalent system.this sort of accidents is not possible
> in a closed shuttle. assertinos that a vehical fire will lead to
> catastophe have no basis. since the resoures exit do detect,control and
> extingush a fire and to remove any persons present safely to an adjoning
> wagon, leaving any surviving fire facing rapid extinction within a wagan
> built to contain fire for 30 minutes. catastrophe seems very unlikely.
>

> 25. if a car cauget fire in a rail shuttle, probably none would be killed.
>
> (T)
> 26.at least one vehical has cauht fire in an alpine tunnel.(f)
> 27.if a fire started in a wagon, it would be allowed to burn itself out in
> 30 minutes.(f)
> 28.if would theoreticaly be possible for a car to cath fire in aclosed
> shuttle system.(F)

>
> H)every form of art is protected by copy write,upon the expiration
>
> of whitch the property passes into the public domain and becomes freely
> available to any one wishing to exploit it commercialy. the time has come
> when all treasures shoud pass to the controled of a trust,and by this made
> readily available to anyone on pament of a fee or royality.the income
> fromthe works of tagore would alone be enarmous.these who now main
> financialbenifit from his genius should make some contribution to the
> welfare of the arts in general.

> 29.tagore's plays are not protected by copyright. F
> 30.tagore's decendants should be asked to make some contribution to the
> arts C
> 31.instead of buying a ticket , theatregoers should pay a fee to trust for
> the benefit of the arts. C
> 32. More people could go to the theatre if copy rightwere abolished C

> I. Hacking is a crime made possible by a relatively new technology,
> which one of the reasons it is often poorly understood and reported.
> Many computers, but no means all,are now linked togetherin networks which
> allow users on one computer to communicate with others on the same
> network.If a computer is not networked,no manipulation of its datafrom
> another machine is possible.So long as users are authorised, networking
> is just a way of making work easier and more productive.Hacking on the
> other hand,is the unauthorised use of networks or unauthorised entty
> into the computers themselves.Most people do not need to break into the
> networks they use,since they are already accredited users.

> 33. Most hackers are authorised to break into networks F
> 34. Computers are only vulerable to the unauthorised manipulation of
> their data via another computer if they are networked T
> 35.The main reason why it is relatively easy to break into a computer is
> that few people understand the technology. C
> 36.Hackers do not work fot the firms whose networks they break into. T

> J.Although invaders represent a threat to the conservation of flora and
> fauna,there are two special cases in which invasion have been deliberately
> brought about.One is the desire to control presents by natural predators,
> whichmay have to be brought in from other countries.The second is
> releasing organisms into the wild(or on to farms,from which they might
> escape)that are completely novel,beacause they have been genetically
> engineered.There is nothing intrinsically sinister about engineered
> organisms,but any novelty must be regarded as a potential invader.

> 37.Pest control does not threat the conservation of flora and fauna. T
> 38.Genetically engineered organisms must always be regarded as poten-
> tially dangerous. F
> 39.Natural predators are work harmful than pests.T
> 40.Genetically engineered organisms escaped from the farm,they will be
> pose a threat to wildlife. T
>

> >
> > K.electronics technology is coming to the rescue of helicopters which can
> > be grounded or crash in icy conditions the machines are especially
> > vulnerable to the build up of ice on both their rotors and engine air
> > intake when operating in cold damp conditions.the problem is 2 fold
> > ice increases the weight and the build upp makes the aerofoils
> > less efficient .now at last a detector has been devised which the company
> > hopes will mean safer flightsand less frequent grounding.unlike most
> > devices in use at present it can detect the liquid water content of cloud
> > above freezing level.so the warning is ginven before the potential hazard
> > is encountered.
> >

> > 39.an electronic device has been invented which will prevent the build
> > up of ice on helicopter rotors F
> > 40.helicopters are sometimes grounded because in cold damp weather their
> > engine air intakes and rotors malfuntion owing to the formatrion of ice.
> > T
> > 41.only one device can at present detect the liquid water content of
> > cloud above freezing level C
> > 42.in future fewer helicopters will crash or have to grounded T
> >

> > L.anyone whos has systematically examined faces will have perceived a
> > prepondreance although not a proliferation of asymmtry.whether or not
> > the expression is volitinal and self controlled or spontaneous appears
> > to predict facial asymmetry as does the type of emotion protrayed.positive
> > emotions are usually displayed symmetrically although a left sided
> > representation of a negative emotion is more common.posed expressions and
> > negative emotions are less likely to be symmetrically represented.

> > 43.an angry person is more likely to have a lopsided expression than
> > someone who is smiling T
> > 44.a deliberately assumed facial expression will always be asymmetrical F
> > 45.an actor is likely to smile symmetrically when acting C
> 46.more self conscious people are likely to have less asymmetrically
> facial expressions than those who are less aware of themselves T
>

> M. human existence is not susceptible of arbitary division between
> consciousness and unconsciousness.the conscious world invades and shapes
> the activities of the unconscious while many of the great achievements of
> humanity's waking hours were wholly or partly inspires bu dreams .even if
> it could be argued that dreams precede experience such a dichotomy could
> not be drawn as the influence of dreaming on the waking state would remain
> unclear but as yet no common vocabulary exists to record the substance
> of prenatal dreaming

> 47.sleep can be a creative state. T
> 48.it is difficult to tell whether a sleeper is dr3eaming or not C
> 49. if we knew what babies dream about before they are born we could
> show that conscious and unconscious mond influence one another F
> 50. it is untrue to claim that the conscious and unconscious worlds never
> impinge on one another F

JOB Puzzles - I

2006-04-30T12:14:00.000+05:30

Algorithms

What's the difference between a linked list and an array?
Implement a linked list. Why did you pick the method you did?
Implement an algorithm to sort a linked list. Why did you pick the method you did? Now do it in O(n) time.
Describe advantages and disadvantages of the various stock sorting algorithms.
Implement an algorithm to reverse a linked list. Now do it without recursion.
Implement an algorithm to insert a node into a circular linked list without traversing it.
Implement an algorithm to sort an array. Why did you pick the method you did?
Implement an algorithm to do wild card string matching.
Implement strstr() (or some other string library function).
Reverse a string. Optimize for speed. Optimize for space.
Reverse the words in a sentence, i.e. "My name is Chris" becomes "Chris is name My." Optimize for speed. Optimize for space.
Find a substring. Optimize for speed. Optimize for space.
Compare two strings using O(n) time with constant space.
Suppose you have an array of 1001 integers. The integers are in random order, but you know each of the integers is between 1 and 1000 (inclusive). In addition, each number appears only once in the array, except for one number, which occurs twice. Assume that you can access each element of the array only once. Describe an algorithm to find the repeated number. If you used auxiliary storage in your algorithm, can you find an algorithm that does not require it?
Count the number of set bits in a number. Now optimize for speed. Now optimize for size.
Multiple by 8 without using multiplication or addition. Now do the same with 7.
Add numbers in base n (not any of the popular ones like 10, 16, 8 or 2 -- I hear that Charles Simonyi, the inventor of Hungarian Notation, favors -2 when asking this question).
Write routines to read and write a bounded buffer.
Write routines to manage a heap using an existing array.
Implement an algorithm to take an array and return one with only unique elements in it.
Implement an algorithm that takes two strings as input, and returns the intersection of the two, with each letter represented at most once. Now speed it up. Now test it.
Implement an algorithm to print out all files below a given root node.
Given that you are receiving samples from an instrument at a constant rate, and you have constant storage space, how would you design a storage algorithm that would allow me to get a representative readout of data, no matter when I looked at it? In other words, representative of the behavior of the system to date.
How would you find a cycle in a linked list?
Give me an algorithm to shuffle a deck of cards, given that the cards are stored in an array of ints.
The following asm block performs a common math function, what is it?

·                cwd xor ax, dx

sub ax, dx

Imagine this scenario:
I/O completion ports are communictaions ports which take handles to files, sockets, or any other I/O. When a Read or Write is submitted to them, they cache the data (if necessary), and attempt to take the request to completion. Upon error or completion, they call a user-supplied function to let the users application know that that particular request has completed. They work asynchronously, and can process an unlimited number of simultaneous requests.
Design the implementation and thread models for I/O completion ports. Remember to take into account multi-processor machines.
Write a function that takes in a string parameter and checks to see whether or not it is an integer, and if it is then return the integer value.
Write a function to print all of the permutations of a string.
Implement malloc.
Write a function to print the Fibonacci numbers.
Write a function to copy two strings, A and B. The last few bytes of string A overlap the first few bytes of string B.
How would you write qsort?
How would you print out the data in a binary tree, level by level, starting at the top?

Applications

How can computer technology be integrated in an elevator system for a hundred story office building? How do you optimize for availability? How would variation of traffic over a typical work week or floor or time of day affect this?
How would you implement copy-protection on a control which can be embedded in a document and duplicated readily via the Internet?
Define a user interface for indenting selected text in a Word document. Consider selections ranging from a single sentence up through selections of several pages. Consider selections not currently visible or only partially visible. What are the states of the new UI controls? How will the user know what the controls are for and when to use them?
How would you redesign an ATM?
Suppose we wanted to run a microwave oven from the computer. What kind of software would you write to do this?
What is the difference between an Ethernet Address and an IP address?
How would you design a coffee-machine for an automobile.
If you could add any feature to Microsoft Word, what would it be?
How would you go about building a keyboard for 1-handed users?
How would you build an alarm clock for deaf people?

Thinkers

How are M&Ms made?
If you had a clock with lots of moving mechanical parts, you took it apart piece by piece without keeping track of the method of how it was disassembled, then you put it back together and discovered that 3 important parts were not included; how would you go about reassembling the clock?
If you had to learn a new computer language, how would you go about doing it?
You have been assigned to design Bill Gates bathroom. Naturally, cost is not a consideration. You may not speak to Bill.
What was the hardest question asked of you so far today?
If MS told you we were willing to invest $5 million in a start up of your choice, what business would you start? Why?
If you could gather all of the computer manufacturers in the world together into one room and then tell them one thing that they would be compelled to do, what would it be?
Explain a scenario for testing a salt shaker.
If you are going to receive an award in 5 years, what is it for and who is the audience?
How would you explain how to use Microsoft Excel to your grandma?
Why is it that when you turn on the hot water in any hotel, for example, the hot water comes pouring out almost instantaneously?
Why do you want to work at Microsoft?
Suppose you go home, enter your house/apartment, hit the light switch, and nothing happens - no light floods the room. What exactly, in order, are the steps you would take in determining what the problem was?
Interviewer hands you a black pen and says nothing but "This pen is red."

Wipro :: VLSI - I

2006-04-30T01:44:00.000+05:30

For Realising EX-OR gate how many NAND gates are required
The time required for the data to setting, before the triggering edge of the clock.
Ans. Setup Time.
How can we change DFF to TFF
How can we change SRFF to JKFF
Minimum Number of 2:1 MUX required for 16:1 MUX
A 12 address lines maps to the memory of
>
> [a] 1k bytes [b] 0.5k bytes [c] 2k bytes [d] none
>
> Ans: b
In a processor these are 120 instructions . Bits
needed to impliment
> this instructions
> [a] 6 [b] 7 [c] 10 [d] none
>
> Ans: b
n=7623
> {
> temp=n/10;
> result=temp*10+ result;
> n=n/10
> }
>
> Ans : 3267
C program code
>
> int zap(int n)
> {
> if(n<=1)then zap=1;
> else zap=zap(n-3)+zap(n-1);
> }
> then the call zap(6) gives the values of zap
> [a] 8 [b] 9 [c] 6 [d] 12 [e] 15
>
> Ans: b
Virtual memory size depends on
> [a] address lines [b] data bus
> [c] disc space [d] a & c [e] none
>
> Ans : a
load a
> mul a
> store t1
> load b
> mul b
> store t2
> mul t2
> add t1
>
> then the content in accumulator is
>
> Ans : a**2+b**4
E=I*I*R what is the effect of E when I becomes I/2
ans:1/4E(E decreses by 4 times)
out of 55 eggs 5 are defective. what is % of defective eggs
ans:9/11%
A>B,B>C,C=D,D>E,then which is greatest
a)A/B b) A/C c) A/E d)none
ans: c
section 2. letter series
-------------------------
1. a c b d f e g i __ ans: h
2. x y z u v w r s t __ ans: o
3. a c f j o __ ans:u
section 3. numerical ability
-------------------------------
1. 10099+99=10198
2. 31 - 29+2/33=__ ans:64/33
3. 2.904+0.0006=___ ans: 2.9046
4. 55/1000=___ ans:.005
5. 0.799*0.254= 0.202946
6. 200/7*5.04=144
7. 842.8 +602=1444.8
8. 5.72% of 418= 23.9096
9. 625% of 7.71=48.1875
10. 25% of 592=148.00
11. 665+22.9=687.9
12. 15% of 86.04=12.906
what is the direction of motion of an electron kept in an electromagnetic field.
in a transistor, the saturation current can be controlled by changing
a)anode potential
b)grid potential
c)cathod potential
d)non of the above
probability for speaking truth for A ->75% for B ->80%
what is the probability that both of them will tell lie for a given fact
what will be order of SURITI in the dictionary if the letters of the word is arranged in
lexicographical order
two persons are select any number from 1 to 25. they win if
they select the same one.whatis the probability that they will win .
f(x)=(1-cos(x)(1-cos(x)))/(x*x*x)
What is the value of f(x) at x=0, so that it is continious
Same atomic no. & atomic mass
(a) isotone
(b) isomer
(c) isobar
(d) isomar.

Interra :: Placement Paper - I

2006-04-24T21:38:00.000+05:30

Optimize the below 1,2,3,4 questions for time:

1)
int i;
if i=0 then i:=1;
if i=1 then i:=0;

2)
int i;
if i=0 then i:=1;
if i=1 then i:=0;
(given that i can take only two values (1,0))

3)
int i;
if i=0 then i:=1;
else if i=1 then i:=0;
(given that i can take only two values (1,0))

4)
int m,j,i,n;
for i:=1 to n do
m:=m+j*n

Expand the following
a) ISDN
b) CASE
c) CSMA/CD
d) OOPS
e) MIMD

n the following questions, answer A,B,C,D depending on when
the errors are  detected?
A if no error is detected
B if semantic and syntactic checking
C if during Code genration & Symbol allocation
D run time

a) Array overbound
b) Undeclared identifier
c) stack underflow
d) Accessing an illegal memory location

If a CPU has 20 address lines but MMU does'nt use two of them.
 OS occupies 20K. No virtual memory is supported. What is the
 maximum memory available for a user program?

 For a binary tree with n nodes, How many nodes are there which
has got both a parent and a child?

Which of the following can be zero? (only one)
  a)  swap space
  b)  physical memory
  c)  virtual memory

What is a must for multitasking?
  a) Process preemption
  b) Paging
  c) Virtual memory
  d) None of the above

Using the following instructions and two registers , A&B.
 find out A XOR B and put the result in A
 PUSH 
 POP  
 NOR    These instructions operates with A & B and puts the result in
 AND     A

(question basically to get XOR in terms of NOR and AND)

int i=0;
int j=0;

loop:
if(i = 0)
   i++;
i++;
j++;
if(j<= 25)    goto loop xxx:    question1 : how many times is the loop entered

For which of following is it not possible to write an algorithm.

a) To find out 1026th prime number
b) To write program for NP-complete problem
c) To write program which generates true Random numbers.

what is the essential requirement for an real-time systems

a) pre-emption
b) virtual memory
c) paging  etc...

a cube has colors blue,red ,yellow each on two opposite sides.cube is
divided into "32 small cubes and 4 large cubes".
question:how many cubes (on 36 cubes) have blue at leat one side.
      how many cubes have colors on two sides.

aa person sold two articles for 80 /- each.with 20% profit on one
article and 20% loss on another article, what is the loss / prifit he
will gain on both.

main()
{int a,b;
int *p,*q;
a=10;b=19;
p=&(a+b);
q=&max;
} Q a)error in p=&(a+b) b)error in p=&max c)error in both d) no error

DE Shaw Placement Paper - III

2006-04-24T21:07:00.000+05:30

Aptitude:-

What is the area covered in in 14 minutes by the minute hand of a clock of length 15 cm ?
What is the diameter of a wheel if it covers 440 m in 1000 revolutions?
There are 1 Re, 50 p, 25 p coins in the ratio 3:3:4 respectively. if the total amount is Rs.550, how many 1 Re coins are there?
ans: 300
if A can do 1/3rd of work in 4 days and B can do 1/6th of work in 3 days, then in how many days can both A and B complete the work.
ans: 7 1/7 days
if a number is divided by 935 remainder is 69. if same no. is divided by 38, what will be the remainder?
ans: 29
if a tank is filled by 10 pumps, it takes 12 hours. if the same tank is filled by 15 pumps, then it will take 6 hours. how much time will it take to fill the tank if 25 pumps are used?
what is the probability of having b'days of 2 persons on the same day in a gathering of 50 persons?
how many words can be formed by the letters of the word DELCIOUS starting with D and ending with E?
ans: 6! = 720
if a man works for 3 hours he gets Rs.15 + 1 meal. if he works for 12 hours he gets Rs.90 + 2 meals. what is the cost of a meal?
ans: Rs.15/-
if a tank can be filled by pipe A in 24 mins and by pipe B in 32 mins. if A and B both are open, when should B be stopped to fill the tank in 18 mins.

C Programming

1.   typedef struct{
char *;
nodeptr next;
} * nodeptr;
what does nodeptr stand for?

2. supposing thaty each integer occupies 4 bytes and each charactrer
1 byte , what is the output of the following programme?

#include
main()
{
int a[] ={ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7};
char c[] = {' a','x','h','o','k'};
printf("%d\t %d ", (&a[3]-&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;a[0]),(&c[3]-&c[0]));
}
ans : 3  3

3. what is the output of the program?

#include
main()
{
struct s1 {int i; };
struct s2 {int i; };
struct s1 st1;
struct s2 st2;
st1.i =5;
st2 = st1;
printf(" %d " , st2.i);
}

ans: nothing  (error)
expl: diff struct variables should not assigned using "=" operator.



4.what is the output of the program?

#include
main()
{
int i,j;
int mat[3][3] ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
for (i=2;i>=0;i--)
for ( j=2;j>=0;j--)
printf("%d" , *(*(mat+j)+i));
}

ans : 9 6 3 8 5 2 7 4 1

DE Shaw :: Aptitude - II

2006-04-23T09:51:00.000+05:30

Aptitude:-

ONE RECTANGULAR PLATE WITH LENGTH 8INCHES,BREADTH 11
  INCHES AND 2 INCHES THICKNESS IS THERE.WHAT IS THE LENGTH
  OF THE CIRCULAR ROD WITH DIAMETER 8 INCHES AND EQUAL TO
  VOLUME OF RECTANGULAR PLATE?
  ANS: 3.5INCHES

WHAT IS THE NUMBER OF ZEROS AT THE END OF THE PRODUCT
  OF THE NUMBERS FROM 1 TO 100

in some game 139 members have participated every time
  one fellow will get bye what is the number of matches to
  choose the champion to be held?
  ans: 138

one fast typist type some matter in 2hr and
  another slow typist type the
  same matter in 3hr. if both do combinely in how much time
  they will finish.
  ans: 1hr 12min

in 8*8 chess board what is the total number of squares
  refer odel
  ans:204

falling height is proportional to square of the time.
  one object falls 64cm in 2sec than in 6sec from how much
  height the object will fall.

gavaskar average in first 50 innings was 50 . after the 51st
  innings his average was 51 how many runs he made in the 51st
  innings

2 oranges,3 bananas and  4 apples cost Rs.15 . 3 ornages
  2 bananas 1 apple costs Rs 10. what is the cost of 3 oranges,
  3 bananas and 3 apples
  ans Rs 15.

in 80 coins one coin is counterfiet what is minimum number of
   weighings to find out counterfiet coin

in a company 30% are supervisors and 40% employees are male
  if 60% of supervisors are male. what is the probability
  that a randomly choosen employee is a male or female?

THERE WERE 750 PEOPLE WHEN THE FIRST SONG WAS SUNG. AFTER EACH
SONG 50 PEOPLE ARE LEAVING THE HALL. HOWMANY SONGS ARE SUNG TO MAKE
THEM ZERO?

ANS:16

A PERSON IS CLIMBING OF 60 MTS . FOR EVERY MINUTE HE IS  CLIMBING 6 MTS
AND SLIPPING 4 MTS . AFTER HOWMANY MINUTES HE MAY REACH THE TOP?

ANS: (60-6)/2 +1  :28

SALARY IS INCREASED BY 1200 ,TAX IS DECREASED FROM 12% TO 10% BUT PAYING
SAME AMOUNT  AS TAX . WHAT IS THE PREVISIOUS SALARY?

ANS:6000

THE LEAST NO. WHICH IS WHEN DEVIDED BY 4,6,7  LEAVES A REMAINDER OF 2 ?

ANS: 86

A MAN DRIVING THE CAR AT TWICE THE SPEED OF AUTO ONEDAY HE WAS DRIVEN
CAR FOR 10 MIN. AND CAR IS FAILED. HE LEFT THE CAR AND TOOK AUTO TO GOTO
THE OFFICE . HE SPENT 30 MIN. IN THE AUTO. WHAT WILL BE THE TIME TAKE BY
CAR TO GO OFFICE?

ANS:25 MIN

OUT OF 100 FAMILIES IN NEIGHBOUR HOOD , 55 OWN RADIO, 75 OWN T.V
AND 25 OWN VCR. ONLY 10 FAMILIES HAVE ALLOF THESE, AND EACH VCR OWNER
HAS TV . IF 25 FAMILIES HAVE THE RADIO ONLY, THE NO. OF FAMILIES HAVE
ONLY TV ARE?

ANS: 30

KYA KYA IS AN ISLAND IN THE SOUTH PACIFI . THE INHABITANTS OF KYA KYA
ALWAYS ANSWER ANY QUESTION WITH TWO SENTENCES, ONE OR WHICH IS ALWAYS
TRUE AND OTHER IS ALWAYS FALSE.

1. YOU ARE WALKING ON THE ROAD AND COME TO A FORK. YOU ASK ,THE INHABITANTS
RAM.LAXMAN, AND LILA AS" WHICH ROAD WILL TAKE ME TO THE VILAGE?

RAM SAYS: I NEVER SPEAK TO STRANGERS. IAM NEW TO THIS PLACE
LAXMAN SAYS: IAM MARRIED TO.LILA. TAKE THE LEFT ROAD
LILA SAYS: IAM MARRIED TO RAM. HE IS NOT NEW TO THIS PLACE

ANS:  LEFT ROAD TAKE YU TO THE VILLAGE

2. YOU FIND THAT YOUR BOAT IS STOLLEN. U QUESTIONED THREE INHABITANTS OT
ISLANDS AND THEIR REPLIES ARE

JOHN   : I DIDNOT DO IT. MATHEW DIDNOT DO IT
MATHEW :  I DIDNOT DO IT. KRISHNA DIDNOT DO IT
KRISHNA: I DID NOT DO IT; I DONOT KNOW WHO DID IT

ANS: MATHEW STOLEN THE BOAT

3. YOU WANT TO SPEAK TO THE CHIEF OF VILLAGE , U ASK THREE FELLOWS AMAR
BOBBY, CHARLES AND BOBBY IS WEARING RED SHIRT

AMAR    : IAM NOT BOBBY`S SON ; THE CHIEF WEARS RED SHIRT
BOBBY   : IAM AMARS FATHER ; CHARLES IS THE CHIEF
CHARLES : THE CHIEF IS ONE AMONG US; IAM THE CHIEF

ANS: BOBBY IS THE CHIEF

4. THERE IS ONLY OPNE POLOT IN THE VILLAGE(ISLAND). YOU INTERVIEWED THREEM MAN
KOISK ,LORRY AND MISHRA
U ALSO NOTICE THAT KOISK IS WEARING CAP.

M SAYS : LARRY IS FATHER IN THE PILOT .LARRY IS NOT THE PRIESTS SON
KOISK  : IAM THE PRIEST ON THEIS ISLAND ONLY PRISTS CAN WEAR THE CAPS
LARRY  : IAM THE PRIEST SON . KOISK IS NOT THE PREST

ANS : KOISK IS THE PILOT

LCM OF 3 PRIME NO.S  IS 1729. THE HIGHEST NUMBER
AMONG THEM IS ?
         A 13      B 19  C 23  D 11.
         ANS 19

A SHIP LEFT THE YARD AND TRAVELLED 180 MILES. NOW
ANOTHER FLIGHT WITH 10 TIMES THE SPEED OF THE SHIP
STARTED . WHEN BOTH WILL MEET?
ANS 200  MILES

THE PRBABILITY OF HITTING A TARGET BY X IS 0.9 AND
THAT OF B   IS  0.8, THEN IF BOTH TRY WHAT IS THE
PROBABILITY OF HITTING THE TARGET.
ANS 0.98.

THE LENGTH OF THE ROPE IS 660M. WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM
AREA COVERED BY THIS ROPE?
ANS 34650

a MAN IS INCREASING HIS SPEED  5% EVRY hr ANOTHER
INCREASES 1% IN 1ST AND 3% IN SECOND  AND SO.ON  WHEN
THY MEET?

A TAP CAN FILL THE TANK IN 10hrS,10 HOLES CAN
EMPTY WITHIN  6hr, OF SAME CAPACITY 15 HOLES WHITH IN
6hr.if  ALL OPERATE THEN THE TIME OF FILLING THE TANK.

DE Shaw :: Programming Questions - I

2006-04-22T10:45:00.000+05:30

Programming:-

Swapping two variables x,y without using a temporary variable.
Write a program for reversing the given string.

The integers from 1 to n are stored in an array in a random
fashion. but one integer is missing. write a program to find the
missing integer.
   ans. idea. the sum of n natural numbers is = n(n+1)/2.
        if we subtract the above sum from the sum of all the
        numbers in the array , the result is nothing but the
        missing number.

Write a c program to find whether a stack is progressing in forward or reverse direction.
Write a c program that reverses the linked list.

C/C++:-

typedef struct{
 char *;
 nodeptr next;
 } * nodeptr;
what does nodeptr stand for?

int   *x[](); means
expl: Elments of an array can't be functions.

o/p=?
int i;
i=1;
i=i+2*i++;
printf(%d,i);
                    ans: 4

#include
char *f()
{char *s=malloc(8);
strcpy(s,"goodbye")}
main()
{
char *f();
printf("%c",*f()='A');
o/p=?

FILE *fp1,*fp2;
fp1=fopen("one","w")
fp2=fopen("one","w")
fputc('A',fp1)
fputc('B',fp2)
fclose(fp1)
fclose(fp2)}
ans: no error. But It will over writes on same
file.

#define MAN(x,y) (x)>(y)?(x):(y)
{  int i=10;j=5;k=0;
k= MAX(i++,++j)
printf(%d %d %d %d,i,j,k)}

```
a=10;b=5; c=3;d=3;
if(a
```

what is o/p
>   #include
>   show(int t,va_list ptr1)
>   {
>   int a,x,i;
>   a=va_arg(ptr1,int)
>   printf("\n %d",a)
>   }
>   display(char)
>   {int x;
>   listptr;
>   va_star(otr,s);
>   n=va_arg(ptr,int);
>   show(x,ptr);
>   }
>   main()
>   {
>   display("hello",4,12,13,14,44);
>   }
>   a) 13 b) 12 c) 44 d) 14

```
main()
> {
> printf("hello");
> fork();
> }
```

main()
> {
> int i = 10;
> printf(" %d %d %d \n", ++i, i++, ++i);
> }

#include
> main()
> {
> int *p, *c, i;
> i = 5;
> p = (int*) (malloc(sizeof(i)));
> printf("\n%d",*p);
> *p = 10;
> printf("\n%d  %d",i,*p);
> c = (int*) calloc(2);
> printf("\n%d\n",*c);
> }

#define MAX(x,y) (x) >(y)?(x):(y)
> main()
> {
>  int i=10,j=5,k=0;
>   k=  MAX(i++,++j);
>    printf("%d..%d..%d",i,j,k);
>  }

#include 
> main()
> {
>         enum _tag{ left=10, right, front=100, back};
>         printf("left is %d, right is %d, front is
> %d, back is
> %d",left,right,front,back);
> }

main()
> {
>         int a=10,b=20;
>  a>=5?b=100:b=200;
>         printf("%d\n",b);
> }

#define PRINT(int) printf("int = %d  ",int)
> main()
> {
> int x,y,z;
> x=03;y=02;z=01;
> PRINT(x^x);
> z<<=3;PRINT(x); > y>>=3;PRINT(y);
> }

what is the o/p of the program
main()
{
 int rows=3,colums=4;
 int a[rows][colums]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12};
   i=j=k=99;
   for(i=0;i

what is o/p
main()
{int i=3;
while(i--)
{
int i=100
i--;
printf("%d..",i);
}
}
a) infinite loop
b) error
c) 99..99..99..99
d) 3..22..1..


'-'=45  '/'=47
printfr(%d/n,'-','-','-','-','/','/','/');
o/p =?

{ ch='A';
while(ch<='F'){   switch(ch){   case'A':case'B':case'C':case'D':ch++;continue;   case'E':case'F':ch++;   }   putchar(ch);   }   }     a)ABCDEF  b.EFG c.FG d.error

Analog Devices :: Placement Paper - I

2006-04-21T17:27:00.000+05:30

Analytical

One number of five digit is given if we append 9 before the number
it will become 4 times when append 9 at end . WHAT  IS NUMBER?

6 MONKS  6 cannible( can eat monks if C> M any time
any where) One boat . boat can sustain at most 3 persons. Trivial
question....

Two inputs in a block are going (N1 and N2) two outputs (Max and
min of that). If U have 4 numbers than how u use this as a building
block to sort 4 numbers.

Technical

1) static (wrt dynamic circuits)
2) Electromigration
3) Hot electron
4) Tr in Saturation
5) Latch-up
6) Seq. Ckt.
7) CLM
8) FIR filter.

1) Dynamic circuits.......with feedback   called HALF LATCH.
2) inv with PMOS and NMOS exchanged
3) which circuit is having smallest fall delay . options 1) NAND both
input connected 2) NOR  both input connected 3) NAND with one input
at VDD  4) nor with one input at GND
4) question on microprocessor
6) question on DMA
7) Network simple question on charge sharing
8) Implement following statement with logic gates  if(a==b) {y=p} else{y=q}
9) One complicated ckt with two inputs and one output and VDD and
no GND and is XNOR.
10) Current mirror simple question current is I2 = 2I1 answer.
11) NAND and NOR equivalent to the inverter with same rise and
fall time.

1) Layout routing
2) Capacitance from layout
3) Fringing and area capacitance calculation
4) Sheet resistance is given u have to calculate total resistance.
5) Microprocessor question with 3-stage pipeline instruction.
Easy question
6) Simple circuit with glitch in that how to remove it and draw
the waveforms. K map has given.
7) Implemet ckt with AND/OR/INV .

Questions on Design Patterns

2006-04-20T09:30:00.000+05:30

Object Oriented Programming Concepts

Generally, which is the stronger relationship, containment or composition?
What is coupling?
What is "cohesion and coupling"?
What is abstract coupling?
What is Parmetric polymorphism?
Why will you need multiple inheritence?
What is the Liskov's Substitution Principle?
Describe these design methodologies: Booch, OMT, Use cases.
Differentiate between subtyping and subclassing.

Design Patterns

What does Design mean to you? (Factor 5)
What is Pimpl and what is it used for?
What is an adapter? Is it different from a wrapper?

Mentor Graphics :: Placement Papers

2006-04-19T22:36:00.000+05:30

C/C++

Grade ur knowledge in c and c++ from 0 to 100
What is virtuval distrcuctor.
Are there any default concstructors in c++? what are they?
What is the difference between copy constructor and Overkloading =. Why language is provided two of these?
What are inline functions, what is the difference between #define and inline
What is the difference between inline and normal function. will the compiler take inline functions always inline ,if not on which basis it will decide to ignore inline.
Prog which illustrates difference between extern and static
Virtual and Friend Function in C++
The sequence in which constructors of classes A, B and C are called when class A is inherited from class B which is inherited from class C.
Steps in the compilation of a C program. or steps in preprocessing in sequence.
Differences between a reference and a pointer in C++.
Differences between typedef and #define
If we have a union with three variables int i, char c, float f; and we store a value in say the variable c now. and we forget what is the variable of the union that holds a value currently,
after some time. for this is there any mechanism provided by the language using which we can find out whether it is i or c or f that currently holds a value.
padding bytes for structures: suppose there is structure struct x{int x, char c}; and the compiler is a four byte compiler. then what is memory allocated to variable of this struct type. if the structure definition is struct y{char x; int y;}; then what is the memory allocated for a variableof this type.
Prototype definition of the printf() function.
How do you dynamically allocate a two dimensional array of size a by b.
ans: int **x;
x = (int**)malloc(sizeof(int*)*a);
for(int i=0;i
Then what if it is assigned as: int *y = (int*)x;
Questions on declarations of function pointers in C.
Differences between Java and C++.
Inorder, preorder, and post order traversals.
how do you find out if a loop(cycle) exists in a linked list,efficiently
name the oo concepts.

OS/Compiler/AI/Networking

What is the light weight process ?
Why thread is lightweight?
What is the best Scheduling algo that will give best throughput?
Semaphores and mutexes.
What is that we can't do with boolean variables that can be done with semaphores?
Question about UNIX file system.
Inode number 0 corresponds to what?
Name few compiler optimizations (little more about compiler optimizations)
What is LALR parser.
What is hill climbing?
What is simulated annealing?
What is piggybacking?
Tell some differences between congestion control and flow control?
Theory of computations
1) about various complexity classes;
2). NP-hard and NP-copmleteness,
examples;
3). what is universal Turing machine?

Aptitude

There are 100 gates with doors ( 1.... 100).Intially they are open. Switching the gates ( if open then close , if closed then open ) can be done. First they will switch the multiples of 1's then they will switch the multiple's of 2's and soooo on multiple's of 100's. Now, at the end how many doors are closed and what are they?
10 58 ____ Ans: 3^n+7^n --> 3^3+7^3
Ans: ( 1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64,81,100)

Cadence :: Placement Paper - II

2006-04-17T20:18:00.000+05:30

#include
#include
int main()
{
  int p,q;
  clrscr();
  p=5
  -
  -
 -
     -
     3*
     6;
   printf("%d \n",p);
}
#include
#include
int main()
{
  int p,q;
  clrscr();
  p=5
  +
  +
  +
  +
  3*
  6;
   printf("%d \n",p);
}


ans : 23 23

postfix expression was given
622+-382/*+2^3+
solve it

ans : 199

```
A tree was given , find the postorder
```

what do you mean by operator overloading
ans : assigning user defined meaning to an existing operator
     by an operator function

     ___________________________________________________
___|___       ___|___              ___|___             |
|       |     |       |            |       |            |
|       |__   |       |___         |       |___         |
|_______|  |  |_______|   |______  |_______|   |        |
          not                   |             |        |
          |_____________________|_____________|____and_|___

ans : modulo 6 counter

1001000  is the initial state of ring counter after how many clock
pulses initial state is again achieved.

ans.  7

minm. no. of flip flop required for mod 33
ans.  6

a no. is given in base 21 which is the extension of hex. i.e.
10,11,12......20
 A, B, C,......K
WHAT IS the value of KA in octal

DMA IS:
ans. i/o to memory without intereferene of cpu

```
no. of 0's in 15*1024+7*32+3
ans.  5
```

A man while going dowm in a escalator(which is moving down) takes
50
steps to reach down and while going up takes 125 steps. If he goes 5
times
faster upwards than downwards. What will be the total no of steps if
the
escalator werent moving.

2/3 of corckery(plates) are broken, 1/2 have someother thing
(handle)
broken , 1/4 are both broken and handle broken. Ultimately only 2
pieces
of corckery were without any defect. How many crockery were there in
total.

odd one out
 a) person
 b) time
 c) object
 d) reason            ans : d) reason

a) owc
b)hepes
c)roseh
d)gunenip

ans : d)penguin

insert three letter words so that it makes 2 words
ring(_ _ _)ter

Insert 4 letter word that has exact meaning as given outside the
bracket
WILLING (_ _ _ _)SPORT

Microsoft :: Interview Questions - II

2006-04-16T19:06:00.001+05:30

Here are soem Microsoft Interview Questions form http://alien.dowling.edu/%7Erohit/wiki/index.php/Microsoft_Interview_Questions

If you had an infinite supply of water and a 5 quart and 3 quart pail, how would you measure exactly 4 quarts?
If you are on a boat and you throw out a suitcase, will the level of water increase?
On an average, how many times would you have to open the Seattle phone book to find a specific name?
There are 3 ants at 3 corners of a triangle, they randomly start moving towards another corner. What is the probability that they don't collide?
If you look at a clock and the time is 3:15, what is the angle between the hour and the minute hands? ( The answer to this is not zero!)
What new feature would you add to MSWORD if you were hired?
Why did you pick the school you graduated from?
Why do you want to work for Microsoft?
How many Gas stations are there in the US?
How would you weigh a plane without using scales?
How would you move Mt. Everest?
Two math graduates bump into each other at Fairway on the upper west side. They hadn't seen each other in over 20 years. The first grad says to the second: "how have you been?" Second: "Great! I got married and I have three daughters now" First: "Really? how old are they?" Second: "Well, the product of their ages is 72, and the sum of their ages is the same as the number on that building over there.." First: "Right, ok.. oh wait.. hmmmm.., I still don't know" second: "Oh sorry, the oldest one just started to play the piano" First: "Wonderful! my oldest is the same age!" Problem: How old are the daughters?

Why are beer cans tapered at the top and bottom?
Why is it that hot water in a hotel comes out instantly but at home it takes time?
How many times a day a clock's hands overlap?
Mike has $20 more than Todd. How much does each have given that combined they have $21 between them. You can't use fractions in the answer.(Hint: This is a trick question, pay close attention to the condition)
There are four dogs, each at the counter of a large square. Each of the dogs begins chasing the dog clockwise from it. All of the dogs run at the same spd. All continously adjust their direction so that they are always heading straight towards their clockwise neighbor. How long does it take for the dogs to catch each other? Where does this happen? (Hint: Dog's are moving in a symmetrical fashion, not along the edges of the square).

Microsoft :: Interview Questions - I

2006-04-16T19:06:00.000+05:30

Here are soem Microsoft Interview Questions form http://alien.dowling.edu/%7Erohit/wiki/index.php/Microsoft_Interview_Questions

If you had an infinite supply of water and a 5 quart and 3 quart pail, how would you measure exactly 4 quarts?
If you are on a boat and you throw out a suitcase, will the level of water increase?
On an average, how many times would you have to open the Seattle phone book to find a specific name?
There are 3 ants at 3 corners of a triangle, they randomly start moving towards another corner. What is the probability that they don't collide?
If you look at a clock and the time is 3:15, what is the angle between the hour and the minute hands? ( The answer to this is not zero!)
What new feature would you add to MSWORD if you were hired?
Why did you pick the school you graduated from?
Why do you want to work for Microsoft?
How many Gas stations are there in the US?
How would you weigh a plane without using scales?
How would you move Mt. Everest?
Two math graduates bump into each other at Fairway on the upper west side. They hadn't seen each other in over 20 years. The first grad says to the second: "how have you been?" Second: "Great! I got married and I have three daughters now" First: "Really? how old are they?" Second: "Well, the product of their ages is 72, and the sum of their ages is the same as the number on that building over there.." First: "Right, ok.. oh wait.. hmmmm.., I still don't know" second: "Oh sorry, the oldest one just started to play the piano" First: "Wonderful! my oldest is the same age!" Problem: How old are the daughters?

Why are beer cans tapered at the top and bottom?
Why is it that hot water in a hotel comes out instantly but at home it takes time?
How many times a day a clock's hands overlap?
Mike has $20 more than Todd. How much does each have given that combined they have $21 between them. You can't use fractions in the answer.(Hint: This is a trick question, pay close attention to the condition)
There are four dogs, each at the counter of a large square. Each of the dogs begins chasing the dog clockwise from it. All of the dogs run at the same spd. All continously adjust their direction so that they are always heading straight towards their clockwise neighbor. How long does it take for the dogs to catch each other? Where does this happen? (Hint: Dog's are moving in a symmetrical fashion, not along the edges of the square).

Google :: Placement Paper - I

2006-04-15T07:47:00.000+05:30

Given a number, describe an algorithm to find the next number which is prime.
There are 8 stones which are similar except one which is heavier than the others. To find it, you are given a pan balance. What is the minimal number of weighing needed to find out the heaviest stone ?
There are a set of 'n' integers. Describe an algorithm to find for each of all its subsets of n-1 integers the product of its integers. For example, let consider (6, 3, 1, 2). We need to find these products :

6 * 3 * 1 = 18
6 * 3 * 2 = 36
3 * 1 * 2 = 6
6 * 1 * 2 = 12

Given two sorted postive integer arrays A[n] and B[n] (W.L.O.G, let's
say they are decreasingly sorted), we define a set S = {(a,b) | a \in A
and b \in B}. Obviously there are n^2 elements in S. The value of such
a pair is defined as Val(a,b) = a + b. Now we want to get the n pairs
from S with largest values. The tricky part is that we need an O(n)
algorithm.

Solve this cryptic equation, realizing of course that values for M and E could be interchanged. No leading zeros are allowed.
WWWDOT - GOOGLE = DOTCOM
Write a haiku describing possible methods for predicting search traffic seasonality
1
1 1
2 1
1 2 1 1
1 1 1 2 2 1
What's the next line?
312211. This is the "look and say" sequence in which each term after the first describes the previous term: one 1 (11); two 1s (21); one 2 and one 1 (1211); one 1, one 2, and two 1's (111221); and so on. See the look and say sequence entry on MathWorld for a complete write-up and the algebraic form of a fascinating related quantity known as Conway's constant.
You are in a maze of twisty little passages, all alike. There is a dusty laptop here with a weak wireless connection. There are dull, lifeless gnomes strolling around. What dost thou do?
A) Wander aimlessly, bumping into obstacles until you are eaten by a grue.
B) Use the laptop as a digging device to tunnel to the next level.
C) Play MPoRPG until the battery dies along with your hopes.
D) Use the computer to map the nodes of the maze and discover an exit path.
E) Email your resume to Google, tell the lead gnome you quit and find yourself in whole different world [sic].

In general, make a state diagram . However, this method would not work in certain pathological cases such as, say, a fractal maze. For an example of this and commentary, see Ed Pegg's column about state diagrams and mazes .
What's broken with Unix?
Their reproductive capabilities.

How would you fix it?
On your first day at Google, you discover that your cubicle mate wrote the textbook you used as a primary resource in your first year of graduate school. Do you:
A) Fawn obsequiously and ask if you can have an autograph.
B) Sit perfectly still and use only soft keystrokes to avoid disturbing her concentration
C) Leave her daily offerings of granola and English toffee from the food bins.
D) Quote your favorite formula from the textbook and explain how it's now your mantra.
E) Show her how example 17b could have been solved with 34 fewer lines of code.
Which of the following expresses Google's over-arching philosophy?
A) "I'm feeling lucky"
B) "Don't be evil"
C) "Oh, I already fixed that"
D) "You should never be more than 50 feet from food"
E) All of the above
How many different ways can you color an icosahedron with one of three colors on each face?
On an infinite, two-dimensional, rectangular lattice of 1-ohm resistors, what is the resistance between two nodes that are a knight's move away
In your opinion, what is the most beautiful math equation ever derived?
There are obviously many candidates. The following list gives ten of the authors' favorites:

1. Archimedes' recurrence formula : , , ,
2. Euler formula :
3. Euler-Mascheroni constant :
4. Riemann hypothesis: and implies
5. Gaussian integral :
6. Ramanujan's prime product formula:
7. Zeta-regularized product :
8. Mandelbrot set recursion:
9. BBP formula :
10. Cauchy integral formula:
Which of the following is NOT an actual interest group formed by Google employees?
A. Women's basketball
B. Buffy fans
C. Cricketeers
D. Nobel winners
E. Wine club
What will be the next great improvement in search technology?
What is the optimal size of a project team, above which additional members do not contribute productivity equivalent to the percentage increase in the staff size?
A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 11
E) 24
Given a triangle ABC, how would you use only a compass and straight edge to find a point P such that triangles ABP, ACP and BCP have equal perimeters? (Assume that ABC is constructed so that a solution does exist.)
Consider a function which, for a given whole number n, returns the number of ones required when writing out all numbers between 0 and n. For example, f(13)=6. Notice that f(1)=1. What is the next largest n such that f(n)=n?
What is the coolest hack you've ever written?
What number comes next in the sequence: 10, 9, 60, 90, 70, 66, ?
A) 96
B) 1000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000
C) Either of the above
D) None of the above
In 29 words or fewer, describe what you would strive to accomplish if you worked at Google Labs.

Questions On C# - I

2006-04-14T18:29:00.000+05:30

General C# Questions

Does C# support multiple-inheritance?
Who is a protected class-level variable available to?
Are private class-level variables inherited?
Describe the accessibility modifier “protected internal”.
What’s the top ._NET class that everything is derived from?
What does the term immutable mean?
What’s the difference between System.String and System.Text.StringBuilder classes?
What’s the advantage of using System.Text.StringBuilder over System.String?
Can you store multiple data types in System.Array?
What’s the difference between the System.Array.CopyTo() and System.Array.Clone()?
How can you sort the elements of the array in descending order?
What’s the ._NET collection class that allows an element to be accessed using a unique key?
What class is underneath the SortedList class?
Will the finally block get executed if an exception has not occurred?
What’s the C# syntax to catch any possible exception?
Can multiple catch blocks be executed for a single try statement?
Explain the three services model commonly know as a three-tier application.

C# OOP

What is the syntax to inherit from a class in C#?
Can you prevent your class from being inherited by another class?
Can you allow a class to be inherited, but prevent the method from being over-ridden?
What’s an abstract class?
When do you absolutely have to declare a class as abstract?
What is an interface class?
Why can’t you specify the accessibility modifier for methods inside the interface?
Can you inherit multiple interfaces?
What happens if you inherit multiple interfaces and they have conflicting method names?
What’s the difference between an interface and abstract class?
What is the difference between a Struct and a Class?

Cadence :: Placement Paper - I

2006-04-13T20:58:00.000+05:30

Inorder and preorder trees (expressions) are given and postorder tree (expression) is to be found out

int v,u;
 while(v != 0)
{
  t = v % u;
  v = u;
u = t;
}
find the time complexity of the above program.

x is passed by reference, y passed by value.
x = 3, y = 2;
foo(x, y)
var integer x, y;
{
 x = x + 2;
 y = y + 3;
}
main()
{
x = 5;
y = 5;
foo(x, y);
print (x, y);
}
output of the above pseudo code.

how many flip flops you require for modulo 19 counter.

ring counter's initial state is 01000. after how many clock cylces will
it return to the initial state.

given 6 bit mantissa in 2s complement form and 4 bit exponent is in
excess-4 form in a floating point representation, find the number

A signed no is stored in 10-bit register, what is the max and min
possible value of the number.

A room is 30 X 12 X 12. a spider is ont the middle of the samller
wall, 1 feet from the top, and a fly is ont he middle of the opposite wall
1 feet from the bottom. what is the min distance reqd for the spider to
crawl to the fly.

A man while going dowm in a escalator(which is miving down) takes 50
steps to reach down and while going up takes 125 steps. If he goes 5 times
faster upwards than downwards. What will be the total no of steps if the
escalator werent moving.

2/3 of corckery(plates) are broken, 1/2 have someother thing(handle)
broken , 1/4 are both broken and handle broken. Ultimately only 2 pieces
of corckery were without any defect. How many crockery were there in
total.

     ___________________________________________________
___|___       ___|___              ___|___             |
|       |     |       |            |       |            |
|       |__   |       |___         |       |___         |
|_______|  |  |_______|   |__not_  |_______|   |        |
         |                     |             |        |
         |_____________________|_____________|____and_|___

boxes are negative edge triggered flip flops and 'not' and 'and' are
gates. What is this figure.
ans-  modulo-5

There is six letter word VGANDA . How many ways you can arrange the
 letters in the word in such a way that both the A's are together.
  Ans : 120    (5x4!)

If two cards are taken one after another without replacing from
   a pack of 52 cards what is the probability  for the two cards be
      queen.

51 x 53 x ... x 59 ; symbols ! - factorial
                           ^ - power of 2
(a) 99!/49! (b)  (c)   (d) (99! x 25!)/(2^24 x 49! x 51!)

The ratio fo Boys to Girls is 6:4. 60% of the boys and 40% of girls
  take lunch in the canteen. What % of class takes lunch in canteen.
      Ans : 52%    (60/100)*60 + (40/100)*40

Zulus always speak truth and  Hutus always speak lies. There are
three persons A,B&C. A met B and says " I am a Zulu or I am Hutu".
We don't know what exactly he said. then B meets C and says to c
that " A is a Zulu ". Then C replied " No, A is a Hutu ".

1. How many Zulus are there ?
2. Who must be a Zulu ?

What is
  int *p(char (*s)[])
  Ans : p is a function which is returning a pointer to integer
  which takes arguments as pointer to array of characters.

what is the o/p
  printf(" Hello \o is the world ");
 Ans : Hello is the world.

Find the prototype of sine function.
  Ans : extern double sin(double)

i=2
  printf("%old %old %old %old ",i, i++,i--,i++);

what is the value of 'i'?
 i=strlen("Blue")+strlen("People")/strlen("Red")-strlen("green")
 Ans : 1

what does exit() do?
 Ans : come out of executing programme.

what does " calloc" do?
  Ans :  A memory allocation and initialising to zero.

what does find command do ? Ans : search a file

Which of following is used for back-up files?
  (a) compress (b) Tar (c) make (d) all the above  Ans : b

What does chmod 654 stand for.

 Ans : _rw_r_xr__

ECE Checklist

2006-04-13T20:48:00.000+05:30

Usually it is usefull to prepare a checklist at the beggining phase of preparation for JOB. It helps by reducing the chance of missing some important topic. Here is a sample checklist for a guy preparing for ECE related JOB.

Basic EE

Basic circuit analysis
Kirchov’s laws, Thevenin and Norton equivalents
IV characteristics of circuit elements (R, L, C, diodes, etc.)
Transient response of basic circuits, RC delays
Intuitive operation of PN junctions and MOSFETs
Circuits with opamps
Transmission lines
Power dissipation

VLSI

CMOS gates, complex gates, Latch and FF design
Regions of operation of a MOSFET, IV characteristics in different regions, transistor IV curves
Transistor cross-sections
Charge storage and how it impacts certain circuits
Capacitive coupling
Dynamic logic
Sources of capacitive load, capacitances between terminals of a MOSFET
Various kinds of inverters, switching delay, gain, wire delays
Transistor sizing

Logic / Architecture

Boolean logic Minimization
State machine design
Synchronous circuit timing, races, testability
Pipelines and hazards
Processor block diagrams, Cache architecture
Microarchitecture techniques

STM Question Paper - II

2006-04-12T09:59:00.000+05:30

Some More Questions:-

In a VCO,the capacitance is varied by  using __________.
ans: rev biased varactor diode

A pnp trans. in active region has  _____________.
ans:b-e junction fwd biased & b-c rev biased.

in a nmos how is V-threshold affected by increasing doping conc. of substrate ?
ans:increases

condition for sustained oscillations in a osc is___.
ans:A=1 & phase shift = n*pi.

if  A?B=C and C?A=B then what is the boolean operator ?
ans:xor

clk is given with some period T to a logic gate.
the same clk is again fed to the gate via a delay
element with a delay of T/4 duration.if the gate
acts as a freq.doubler then identify the gate.
ans:xor

define the setup time & hold time in a f/f.

given a D f/f ,construct a T f/f from it.

given a 2:1 mux,how will u implement an AND & OR gate ?

Motorola Question Paper - I

2006-04-11T08:20:00.000+05:30

STM Question Paper - I

2006-04-09T22:27:00.000+05:30

TI Question Paper - II

2006-04-08T08:43:00.000+05:30

Digital

```
simplyfy k map

1 x x 0
1 x 0 1
```

Programming

Implementation of priority queue
a. tree
 b linked list
  c doubly linked list.

max and avg. height of sorted binary tree.

size of integer is
  a. 2 bytes
  b 4 bytes
  c. machine dependant
  d compiler dependent.

Questions On Pointer to Function

main()
{
int i,*j;
i=5;
j=&i;
printf("\ni= %d",i);
f(j);

printf("\n i= %d",i);
}

void f(int*j)
{
int k=10;
j= &k;
}

output is
a 5 10
b 10 5
c 5 5

int f(int a)
{
a=+b;

//some stuff
}

main()
{
x=fn(a);
y=&fn; }
what are x & y types
a) x is int y is pointer to afunction which takes integer value

main()
{
char a[10]="hello";
strcpy(a,'\0');
printf("%s",a);
}
output of the program?
a) string is null b) string is not null  c) program error d)

void f(int *p){
static val=100;
val=&p;
}
main(){
int a=10;
printf("%d ",a);
f(&a);
printf("%d ",a);
}
what will be out put?
a)10,10

void f(int value){
for (i=0;i<16;i++){>>1) printf("1")
else printf("0");
}
}
what is printed?
a) bineray value of argument b)bcd value c) hex value d) octal value

for hashing which is best on terms of buckets
a)100 b)50 c)21 d)32  ans 32

size of(int)
a) always 2 bytes
b) depends on compiler that is being used
c) always 32 bits
d) can't tell

    struct a
  {
  int a;
  char b;
  int c;
  }

  union b
  {
  char a;
  int b;
  int c;
  };
  which is correct .
  a. size of a is always diff. form size of b.(ans.)
  b. size of a is always same  form size of b.
  c. we can't say anything because of not-homogeneous (not in ordered)
  d. size of a can be same if ...

```
x=x^y;
 y=x^y;
 x=x^y;
x=?
```

In a link list we want to go from last to first element and vice
versa.
Which is efficient
a. Cirular List
b. Doubly Link List
c. Double Ended Link List
d. Simple List

Hash function h(i)=i mod 5, there are 5 buckets 0,1,2,3,4. Rehashing is
(h(i)+1)mod 5,(h(i)+2)mod 5......
5 numbers are to be enterd, Find the number in a given bucket..

To reconstuct a Tree which sequence is enough
a. Inoreder sequence
b. Preorder and Post order
c. In, Pre, Post order are required
d. Any one can be used

```
(i)
for(i=0;i
```
```
convert a inorder string to post order
```
```
int (*a[5])() what is this declaration?
```

TI Question Paper - I

2006-04-07T16:50:00.000+05:30

Again it is too compiled from a group of text file. So maximum number of circuit questions with "ASCII circuit diagram" are not presented here.

Analog

Cube each side has r units resistence then the resistence across diagonal of cube
y=kx^2. This is transfer function of a block with i/p x & o/p y.if i/p is sum of a & b then o/p is :--
a. AM b.FM c. PM
find equivalent C.
-------------------
| |
C1 c2
|-----c3-----|
| |
C1 C2
|-----C3-----|
| |
C1 C2
| |
-------------------
one question on Switch closed at t=0 find v at C a t

------R1--------------switch-----
| | |
| R1 |
V | C
| | |
---------------------------------

                      |----Res---|
                     |          |
        in----Res----+--Inv-----+--- out
                        CMOS
   What is the given circuit
a) Latch b)Amplifier   c)Schmitt trigger. d)

                   o Vdd
                  |
          --------+
          |       |
       B  |C      |
 o------- Tr NPN  |
          |E      |-------------o
          |       |
          |    B  |C
          +------ Tr NPN
                  |E
                  |
  o---------------+-------------o
the gain of the circuit is
a) beta^2 b)beta + 1 c) (beta+1)^2 d)

Function of C in the circuit below is
a) Improve switching b)dc coupling c) ac coupling d) None
                                    o
                       C            |
                 +------||--+       |
                 |          |       |C
          o------+----Res---+------Tr NPN
                                    |E
                                    |
                                   _|_
                                   __

Digital

With 2 i/p AND gates u have to form a 8 i/p AND; Give the fastest Implementation possible
With howmany 2:1 MUX u can for 8:1 MUX. answer is 7.
There are n states then ffs used are ?? Ans: log n.
universal gates can impliment.
a. Digital ckts.
b. Digital logic
c all digital and analog ckts.
d. only combinational ckts.

if a 5-stage pipe-line is flushed and then we have to execute 5 and 12
instructions respectively then no. of  cycles will be
a. 5 and 12
b. 6 and 13
c. 9 and 16
d.none

nand gate is
a) associative &cumulative b)cumulative but not
associative
c)not cumulative but associative d)not cumultive
and associative

ANS. b
which imp has les delay
a) (a xor b) xor (c xor d)
b) (((a xor b) xor c) xor d)
3 dffs was given with common clk; setup time 3ns; hold time 1ns; clk to q delay 2ns; find the maximum frequency of operation

Minimize the K-map
        A'B' A'B  AB  AB'
       \_________________
     c'| 1    X   0   1 |
       |----------------|
      c| 1    X   0   1 |
       |----------------|
a) A'B' b) A'+B' c)B' d)A'+B'+C'

Programming

CHAR A[10][15] AND INT B[10][15] IS DEFINED

WHAT'S THE ADDRESS OF A[3][4] AND B[3][4]
IF ADDRESS OD A IS OX1000 AND B IS 0X2000

A. 0X1030 AND 0X20C3
B. OX1031 AND OX20C4
AND SOME OTHERS..

int f(int *a)
{
int b=5;
a=&b;
}

main()
{
int i;
printf("\n %d",i);
f(&i);
printf("\n %d",i);
}

what's the output .

1.10,5
2,10,10
c.5,5
d. none

main()
{
int i;
fork();
fork();
fork();
printf("----");
}

how many times the printf will be executed .
a.3
b. 6
c.5

void f(int i)
{
int j;
for (j=0;j<16;j++)
{
if (i & (0x8000>>j))
printf("1");
else
printf("0");
}
}
what's the purpose of the program

a. its output is hex representation of i
b. bcd
c. binary

#define f(a,b) a+b
#define g(a,b) a*b


main()
{
int m;
m=2*f(3,g(4,5));
printf("\n m is %d",m);
}

what's the value of m
a.70
b.50
c.26

main()
{
char a[10];
strcpy(a,"\0");
if (a==NULL)
printf("\a is null");
else
printf("\n a is not null");}

what happens with it .
a. compile time error.
b. run-time error.
c. a is  null

char a[5]="hello"

a. in array we can't do the operation .
b. size of a is too large
c. size of a is too small

local variables can be store by compiler
a. in register or heap
b. in register or stack
c .in stack or heap .

global variable conflicts due to multiple file occurance
is resolved during
a. compile-time
b. run-time
c. link-time

two program is given of factorial.
one  with  recursion and one without recursion .
question was which program won't run for very big no. input because of
stack overfow .
a. i only  (ans.)
b. ii only
c. i& ii both .

struct a
{
int a;
char b;
int c;
}

union b
{
char a;
int b;
int c;
};
which is correct .
a. size of a is always diff. form size of b.(ans.)
b. size of a is always same  form size of b.
c. we can't say anything because of not-homogeneous (not in ordered)


d. size of a can be same if ...
c. none
d. load-time
d. global memory.
d. nothing wrong with it .
d. a is not  null.
d. 69
d. decimal
d. 8

IF the rate of removal of elements in a queue containing N elements is
proportional to the no of  elements already existing in the queue at that
instant then the no. of elements----
a)decrease linearly b)Exponetialy decrease b) Logarithmcally

HCL :: C Programing - I

2006-04-06T10:59:00.000+05:30

Here are a compiled set of questions that have been asked by HCL in various institutions during their campus interview process. I have got these questions from IITKGP LAN. These questions are usually posted in the various job/campus related yahoo groups. I am just coping and pasting from the various text files, not sure about accuracy of the answers, do check urself if you have any doubts.

Section I - C Programming

Which of the following about the following two declaration is true
i ) int *F()
ii) int (*F)()
Choice :
a) Both are identical
b) The first is a correct declaration and the second is wrong
c) The first declaraion is a function returning a pointer to an integer and the second is a pointer to function returning int
d) Both are different ways of declarin pointer to a function
Answer : c) The first de...
What are the values printed by the following program?
#define dprint(expr) printf(#expr "=%d\n",expr)
main() {
int x=7;
int y=3;
dprintf(x/y);
}
Choice:
a) #2 = 2 b) expr=2 c) x/y=2 d) none
Answer: c)x/y=2
output of the following.
main()
{
int i;
char *p;
i=0X89;
p=(char *)i;
p++;
printf("%x\n",p);
}
ans:0X8A
When an array is passed as parameter to a function, which of thefollowing statement is correct, choice:
a) The function can change values in the original array
b) In C parameters are passed by value. The funciton cannot change the original value in the array
c) It results in compilation error when the function tries to access the elements in the array
d) Results in a run time error when the funtion tries to access the elements in the array
Answer: a) The fu.
The type of the controlling _expression of a switch statement cannot be of the type
a) int b) char c) short d)float e) none
Answer : d)float
What is the value assigned to the variable X if b is 7 ?
X = b>8 ? b <<3>4 ? b>>1:b;
a) 7 b) 28 c) 3 d) 14 e) None
ans: 3;
Which is the output produced by the following program
main()
{
int n=2;
printf("%d %d\n", ++n, n*n);
}
a) 3,6 b) 3,4 c) 2,4 d) cannot determine
Answer : b) 3,4
What is th output of the following program?
int x= 0x65;
main()
{
char x;
printf("%d\n",x)
}
a) compilation error b) 'A' c) 65 d) unidentified
What is the output of the following program
main()
{
int a=10;
int b=6;
if(a=3)
b++;
printf("%d %d\n",a,b++);
}
a) 10,6 b)10,7 c) 3,6 d) 3,7 e) none
Answer : d) 3,7
What can be said of the following program?
main()
{
enum Months {JAN =1,FEB,MAR,APR};
Months X = JAN;
if(X==1)
{
printf("Jan is the first month");
}
}
a) Does not print anything
b) Prints : Jan is the first month
c) Generates compilation error
d) Results in runtime error
Answer: b) Prints : Jan..
What is the output of the following program?
main()
{
char *src = "Hello World";
char dst[100];
strcpy(src,dst);
printf("%s",dst);
}
strcpy(char *dst,char *src)
{
while(*src) *dst++ = *src++;
}
a) "Hello World" b)"Hello" c)"World" d) NULL e) unidentified
Answer: d) NULL
What is the output of the following program?
main()
{
int l=6;
switch(l)
{ default : l+=2;
case 4: l=4;
case 5: l++;
break;
}
printf("%d",l);
}
a)8 b)6 c)5 d)4 e)none
Answer : c)5
What is the output of the following program?
main()
{
int x=20;
int y=10;
swap(x,y);
printf("%d %d",y,x+2);
}
swap(int x,int y)
{
int temp;
temp =x;
x=y;
y=temp;
}
a)10,20 b) 20,12 c) 22,10 d)10,22 e)none
Answer:d)10,22
What is the output of the following problem ?
#define INC(X) X++
main()
{
int X=4;
printf("%d",INC(X++));
}
a)4 b)5 c)6 d)compilation error e) runtime error
Answer : d) compilation error
what can be said of the following
struct Node {
char *word;
int count;
struct Node left;
struct Node right;
}
a) Incorrect definition
b) structures cannot refer to other structure
c) Structures can refer to themselves. Hence the statement is OK
d) Structures can refer to maximum of one other structure
Answer :c)
What is the size of the following union. Assume that the size of int =2, size of float =4 and size of char =1.
Union Tag{
int a;
flaot b;
char c;
};
a)2 b)4 c)1 d) 7
What is printed when this program is executed
main()
{
printf ("%d\n",f(7));
}
f(X)
{
if (x<= 4)
return x;
return f(--x);
}
a) 4
b) 5
c) 6
d) 7
ans: a
On a machine where pointers are 4 bytes long, what happens when the following code is executed.
main()
{
int x=0,*p=0;
x++; p++;
printf ("%d and %d\n",x,p);
}
a) 1 and 1 is printed
b) 1 and 4 is printed
c) 4 and 4 is printed
Which of the following is the correct code for strcpy, that is used to copy the contents from src to dest?
a) strcpy (char *dst,char *src)
{
while (*src)
*dst++ = *src++;
}
b) strcpy (char *dst,char *src)
{
while(*dst++ = *src++)
}
c) strcpy (char *dst,char *src)
{
while(*src)
{ *dst = *src;
dst++; src++;
}
}
d) strcpy(char *dst, char *src)
{
while(*++dst = *++src);
}
ans:b
Consider the following program
main()
{
int i=20,*j=&i;
f1(j);
*j+=10;
f2(j);
printf("%d and %d",i,*j);
}
f1(k)
int *k;
{
*k +=15;
}
f2(x)
int *x;
{
int m=*x,*n=&m;
*n += 10;
}
The values printed by the program will be
a) 20 and 55
b) 20 and 45
c) 45 and 45
d) 45 and 55
e) 35 and 35
what is printed when the following program is compiled and
executed?

int
func (int x)
{
if (x<=0)
return(1);
return func(x -1) +x;
}
main()
{
printf("%d\n",func(5));
}
a) 12
b) 16
c) 15
d) 11

Verbal Test Questions - II

2006-04-05T12:57:00.000+05:30

Directions: Give the synonyms for the following words

1. Depreciation: deflation, depression, devaluation, fall, slump

2. Depricate : feel and express disapproval,

3. Incentive : thing one encourages one to do (stimulus)

4. Echelon : level of authority or responsibility

5. Innovation : make changes or introduce new things

6. Intermittent : externally stopping and then starting

7. Detrimental: harmful

8. Conciliation : make less angry or more friendly

9. Orthodox: conventional or traditional, superstitious

10. Fallible : liable to error

11. Volatile : ever changing

12. Manifest: clear and obvious

13. Connotation : suggest or implied meaning of expression

14. Reciprocal: reverse or opposite

15. Agrarian : related to agriculture

16. Vacillate : undecided or dilemma

17. Expedient : fitting proper, desirable

18. Simulate : produce artificially resembling an existing one.

19. Access : to approah

20. Compensation: salary

21. Truncate : shorten by cutting

22. Adherence : stick

23. Heterogenous: non similar things

24. Surplus : excessive

25. Assess : determine the amount or value

26. Congnizance : knowledge

27. Retrospective : review

28. Naive : innocent,rustic

29. Equivocate : tallying on both sides, lie, mislead

30. Postulate : frame a theory

31. Latent : dormant, secret

32. Fluctuation : wavering,

33. Eliminate : to reduce

34. Affinity : strong liking

35. Expedite : hasten

36. Console : to show sympathy

37. Adversary : opposition

38. Affable : lovable or approachable

39. Decomposition : rotten

40. Agregious : apart from the crowd, especially bad

41. Conglomaration: group, collection

42. Aberration: deviation

43. Aurgury : prediction

44. Crediability : ability to common belief, quality of being credible

45. Coincident: incidentally

46. Constituent : accompanying

47. Differential : having or showing or making use of

48. Litigation : engaging in a law suit

49. Maratorium: legally or offficiallly determined period of dealy before
fulfillment of the agreement of paying of debts.

50. Negotiate : discuss or bargain

51. Preparation : act of preparing

52. Preponderant : superiority of power or quality

53. Relevance : quality of being relevant

54. Apparatus : appliances

55. Ignorance : blindness, in experience

56. Obsession: complex enthusiasm

57. precipitate : speed,active

Dharma Systems :: Placement Papers

2006-04-05T12:46:00.000+05:30

Give the output of the programs in each case unless mentioned otherwise

1.
void main()
{
int d=5;
printf("%f",d);
}

Ans: Undefined

2.
void main()
{
int i;
for(i=1;i<4,i++)
switch(i)
case 1: printf("%d",i);break;
{
case 2:printf("%d",i);break;
case 3:printf("%d",i);break;
}
switch(i) case 4:printf("%d",i);
}

Ans: 1,2,3,4

3.
void main()
{
char *s="\12345s\n";
printf("%d",sizeof(s));
}

Ans: 6

4.
void main()
{
unsigned i=1; /* unsigned char k= -1 => k=255; */
signed j=-1; /* char k= -1 => k=65535 */
/* unsigned or signed int k= -1 =>k=65535 */
if(iprintf("less");
else
if(i>j)
printf("greater");
else
if(i==j)
printf("equal");
}

Ans: less

5.
void main()
{
float j;
j=1000*1000;
printf("%f",j);
}

1. 1000000
2. Overflow
3. Error
4. None

Ans: 4

6. How do you declare an array of N pointers to functions returning
pointers to functions returning pointers to characters?

Ans: The first part of this question can be answered in at least
three ways:

1. char *(*(*a[N])())();

2. Build the declaration up incrementally, using typedefs:

typedef char *pc; /* pointer to char */
typedef pc fpc(); /* function returning pointer to char */
typedef fpc *pfpc; /* pointer to above */
typedef pfpc fpfpc(); /* function returning... */
typedef fpfpc *pfpfpc; /* pointer to... */
pfpfpc a[N]; /* array of... */

3. Use the cdecl program, which turns English into C and vice
versa:

cdecl> declare a as array of pointer to function returning
pointer to function returning pointer to char
char *(*(*a[])())()

cdecl can also explain complicated declarations, help with
casts, and indicate which set of parentheses the arguments
go in (for complicated function definitions, like the one
above).
Any good book on C should explain how to read these complicated
C declarations "inside out" to understand them ("declaration
mimics use").
The pointer-to-function declarations in the examples above have
not included parameter type information. When the parameters
have complicated types, declarations can *really* get messy.
(Modern versions of cdecl can help here, too.)

7. A structure pointer is defined of the type time . With 3 fields min,sec hours having pointers to intergers.
Write the way to initialize the 2nd element to 10.

8. In the above question an array of pointers is declared.
Write the statement to initialize the 3rd element of the 2 element to 10;

9.
int f()
void main()
{
f(1);
f(1,2);
f(1,2,3);
}
f(int i,int j,int k)
{
printf("%d %d %d",i,j,k);
}

What are the number of syntax errors in the above?

Ans: None.

10.
void main()
{
int i=7;
printf("%d",i++*i++);
}

Ans: 56

11.
#define one 0
#ifdef one
printf("one is defined ");
#ifndef one
printf("one is not defined ");

Ans: "one is defined"

12.
void main()
{
intcount=10,*temp,sum=0;
temp=&count;
*temp=20;
temp=∑
*temp=count;
printf("%d %d %d ",count,*temp,sum);
}

Ans: 20 20 20

13. There was question in c working only on unix machine with pattern matching.

14. what is alloca()

Ans : It allocates and frees memory after use/after getting out of scope

15.
main()
{
static i=3;
printf("%d",i--);
return i>0 ? main():0;
}

Ans: 321

16.
char *foo()
{
char result[100]);
strcpy(result,"anything is good");
return(result);
}
void main()
{
char *j;
j=foo()
printf("%s",j);
}

Ans: anything is good.

17.
void main()
{
char *s[]={ "dharma","hewlett-packard","siemens","ibm"};
char **p;
p=s;
printf("%s",++*p);
printf("%s",*p++);
printf("%s",++*p);
}

Ans: "harma" (p->add(dharma) && (*p)->harma)
"harma" (after printing, p->add(hewlett-packard) &&(*p)->harma)
"ewlett-packard"

Verbal Test Questions - I

2006-04-04T07:39:00.000+05:30

Synonyms:-

CENSURE
a. purify
b. approve
c. edit
d. uncertain

ONUS
a. honest
b. inclination
c. responsibility
d. accuse

DIVERGENT
a.
b.
c. deviating
d.

FIDELITY
a. restlessness
b. disloyalty
c. feeble
d. vagueness

SURVEILLANCE
a. inattention
b. visibility
c. census
d. prevention

WHIMSICAL
a. victorious
b. swift
c. fanciful
d. momentary

NASCENT
a. threat
b. purpose
c. quality
d. emerging

BENIGN
a. kindly
b. malignant
c. envy
d. tenfold

ANALOGOUS
a. capable
b. culpable
c. comparable
d. corporeal

ATTENUATE
a. appear
b. weaken
c. testify
d. soothe

EFFUSIVE
a. wise
b. reserved
c. peaceful
d. spontaneous

GREGARIOUS
a. logical
b. helpful
c. solitary
d. noisy

EMPIRICAL
a. theoretical
b. mathematical
c. verbal
d. royal

CITE
a. galvanize
b. quote
c. locate
d. visualize

TENACIOUS
a. intentional
b. obnoxious
c. holding fast
d. collecting

TRANSIENT
a. ephemeral
b. permanent
c. clear
d. emptiness

VOLUBLE
a. worthwhile
b. loquacious
c. circular
d. serious

CANDID
a. vague
b. outspoken
c. experienced
d. anxious

VERACITY
a.
b.
c. truthfullness
d.

STANDING
a. reputation
b. activity
c. long time
d. duration

SACROSANCT
a. too important
b. worship
c. sacrifice
d. best

AUGMENT
a. decrease
b. belittle
c. simplify
d. magnify

GENERIC
a. external
b. particular
c. personal
d. subdued

DIVULGE
a. look
b. refuse
c. deride
d. reveal

EFFIGY
a. dummy
b. organ
c. charge
d. accordion

PRECARIOUS
a. hazardous
b. priceless
c. premature
d. primitive

SONOROUS
a. reassuring
b. resonant
c. repetitive
d. sisterly

CIRCUITOUS
a. indirect
b. complete
c. obvious
d. aware

PEDIGREE
a. dogs
b. vast
c. courage
d. line of ancestry

ANTONYMS:

EXPEDIENT
a. illiterate
b. delayed
c. mistake
d. impediment

IRRADIATE
a. agreement
b. distance
c. flight
d. clarity

ANOMALY
a. desperation
b. requisition
c. registry
d. regularity

BENIGN
a. peaceful
b. blessed
c. wavering
d. malignant

ANALOGUE
a. same
b. digital
c. lengthy
d. dull

ANALOGOUS
a. not comparable
b. not capable
c. not culpable
d. not congenial

CENSURE
a. process
b. enclose
c. praise
d. penetrate

DIVULGE
a. converge
b. intake
c. involve
d. conceal

SURVEILLANCE
a. inattention
b. visibility
c. census
d. prevention

HAMPER
a.
b.
c.
d.

DANGLE
a. hanging
b. loose
c. secure
d. mingle

SPENDTHRIFT
a. miser
b. savings
c. cautious
d. extravagant

INDIGENOUS
a.
b.
c.
d.

CRYPTIC
a. futile
b. famous
c. candid
d. indifferent

OPTIMUM
a. pessimistic
b. minimum
c. chosen
d. worst

RETROGRADE
a. progressing
b. inclining
c. evaluating
d. concentrating

TRANSIENT
a. carried
b. close
c. permanent
d. certain

VERITY
a. falsehood
b. sanctity
c. rarity
d. household

CENSURE
a. augment
b. eradicate
c. enthrall
d. commend

EMPIRICAL
a. theoretical
b. mathematical
c. verbal
d. royal

AUGMENT
a. keep away
b. be disturbed
c. to increase
d. dig out

BOLSTER
a. defeat
b. to strengthen
c. be angry
d. depth

COMPLIANCE
a. light
b. fresh
c. take away
d. energize

DEBILITATE
a. balmy
b. bedevil
c. animate
d. deaden

DEROGATORY
a. roguish
b. immediate
c. conferred
d. praising

ERRONEOUS
a. accurate
b. dignified
c. curious
d. abrupt

EXONERATE
a. forge
b. accuse
c. record
d. reimburse

GREGARIOUS
a. anticipating
b. glorious
c. antisocial
d. similar

OBJECTIVE
a. indecisive
b. apathetic
c. emotionally involved
d. authoritative

Synonyms:-

ACUMEN
a. exactness
b. potential
c. shrewdness
d. bluntness
e. None of these

BEHEST
a. behavior
b. hold down
c. hold up
d. relieve
e. condemn

DISCRETION
a. prudence
b. consistency
c. precipice
d. disturbance
e. distemper

ORDAIN
a. arrange
b. command
c. contribute
d. establish
e. control

FLORID
a. ornate
b. thriving
c. artistic
d. elegant
e. None of these

PENITENCE
a. liking
b. insightful
c. attractive
d. penetrable
e. compunction

WHET
a. stimulate
b. humorous
c. inculate
d. dampen
e. None of these

INCENTIVE
a. reflex
b. amplitude
c. inflection
d. provocation
e. escutcheon

LATITUDE
a. scope
b. segment
c. globule
d. legislature
e. lamentation

MORTIFY
a. make a cavity
b. displease
c. humiliate
d. relapse
e. murder

ADAGE
a. advice
b. proverb
c. enlargement
d. advantage
e. usage

TO DISPEL
a. to dissipate
b. to dissent
c. to distort
d. to disfigure
e. to dissect

ERRATIC
a. unromantic
b. free
c. popular
d. steady
e. unknown

TO MERIT
a. to embrace
b. to devote
c. to deserve
d. to combine
e. to display

RAPT
a. lively
b. concealed
c. engrossed
d. prototype
e. None of these

TO HEAP
a. to pile
b. to forbid
c. to proceed
d. to share
e. to stoop

CAJOLE
a. coax
b. motivate
c. profound
d. mollify
e. evade

OVULATE
a. penury
b. immunize
c. fertilize
d. reproduce
e. incisions

ABODE
a. clay
b. obstacle
c. dwelling
d. bind
e. to beguile

POTENTIAL
a. latent
b. hysterical
c. conventional
d. symmetrical
e. conscientious

EXTRICATE
a. terminate
b. isolate
c. liberate
d. simplify
e. frustrate

DISPARITY
a. inequality
b. impartiality
c. unfairness
d. twist
e. None of these

TO CONFISCATE
a. to harass
b. to repulse
c. to console
d. to appropriate
e. to congregate

PIOUS
a. historic
b. devout
c. multiple
d. fortunate
e. authoritative

LETHARGY
a. reminiscence
b. category
c. fallacy
d. unanimity
e. stupor

CARGO
a. cabbage
b. camel
c. lance
d. freight
e. flax

OVATION
a. oration
b. gesture
c. emulation
d. applause
e. nourish

Good CS Interview Questions

2006-04-03T19:52:00.000+05:30

There is a village of wizards and a village of dwarves. Once a year, the wizards go over to the village of dwarves and line all the dwarves up in increasing height order, such that each dwarf can only see the dwarves smaller than himself. The wizards have an infinite supply of white and black hats. They place either a white or black hat on the head of each dwarf. Then, starting with the tallest dwarf (in the back of the line), they ask each what color hat he is wearing. If the dwarf answers incorrectly, the wizards kill him (the other dwarves can hear his answer, but can't tell if he was killed or not). What strategy can the dwarves use to minimize the number of dwarves that are killed? What is the most number of dwarves that will be killed using this optimal strategy?
Consider a two-player game played on a circular table of unspecified diameter. Each player has an infinite supply of quarters, and take turns placing a quarter on the table such that it is completely on the table and does not overlap with any other quarters already played. A player wins if he makes the last legal move. Which player (if any) has a strategy that will guarantee a win, and what is that strategy?
How do you reverse the order of the words (not the characters) in a string of length n in with constant extra space in linear time?
How do you rotate a string of length n by m characters with constant extra space in linear time (wrt n)?
Consider a rectangular cake with a rectangular section (of any size or orientation) removed from it. How do you divide the cake exactly in half with only one cut? (solution)
You have a bar of chocolate that consists of n x m square blocks. If you can only break one piece at a time, how many breaks are necessary to break the original n x m piece into n*m 1 x 1 pieces? How many are sufficient?
How do you quickly count the number of set bits in a 32-bit integer in linear time (with respect to the number of set bits)? In constant time?
Given an array of size N that contains values between 1 and N-1, find the duplicate element (assuming there is only one). If it contains values between 1 and N+1, how would you find the missing element (again assuming there is only one missing)? Do each in O(N).
Give a one-line C expression to test whether an unsigned int is a power of two.
How many points are there on the globe where by walking one mile south, one mile east and one mile north you reach the place where you started?
Given a singly linked list, determine whether it contains a loop or not.
Every day, Joe arrives at the train station from work at 6pm. His wife leaves home in her car to meet him there at exactly 6pm, and drives him home. One day, Joe gets to the station an hour early, and starts walking home, until his wife meets him on the road. They get home 20 minutes earlier than usual. How long was he walking? Distances are unspecified. Speeds are unspecified, but constant.
How do you divide a cake among n people, maximizing fairness?
In your cellar there are three light switches in the OFF position. Each switch controls one of three light bulbs on floor above. You may move any of the switches but you may only go upstairs to inspect the bulbs one time. How can you determine the switch for each bulb with one inspection?
Alice and Bob are on separate islands. Bob is sick, and Alice has the medicine. Eve has a boat and a chest that can be locked. She is willing to transport objects between Alice and Bob, but only in the chest, and if the chest is unlocked, she will steal whatever is inside. If both Alice and Bob have a padlock and a key such that their own key only opens their own lock, how can Alice send Bob the medicine so that Eve won't steal it?
Write some code to convert a positive integer into base minus 2. That is, whereas base 2 has a 1's place, a 2's place, a 4's place, etc., base minus 2 has a 1's place, a minus 2's place, a 4's place, a minus 8's place, ... (-2)^n.
A couple invites n-1 other couples to dinner. Once everyone arrives, each person shakes hands with everyone he doesn't know. Then, the host asks everyone how many hands they shook, and each person replies with a different number. Assuming that everyone knows his or her own spouse, how many hands did the hostess shake?
Two robots start at different places on the same linear track. What one program can you give to both robots to guarantee that they meet? The the program may consist only of the instructions move_left n, move_right n (where n is the number of spaces to move), if statements while loops, and the boolean values at_own_start and at_other_robots_start (note that you can't use other variables or counters).
Which offer is better and why?
1. You are to make a statement. If the statement is true, you get exactly $10. If the statement is false, you get either less than or more than $10 but not exactly $10.
2. You are to make a statement. Regardless of whether the statement is true or false, you get more than $10.
You have two ropes and a box of matches. Each rope takes exactly one hour to burn, but they may not necessarily burn evenly -- i.e., the first half might burn in the first 10 minutes and the second in the remaining 50). How can you measure out 45 minutes by just using these two ropes?
Consider three identical airplanes starting at the same airport. Each plane has a fuel tank that holds just enough fuel to allow the plane to travel half the distance around the world. These airplanes possess the special ability to transfer fuel between their tanks in mid-flight. Devise a scheme that will allow one airplane to travel all the way around the world, landing only at the original airport.
You are at the bottom of the elevator shaft of a 100 story building. You see 21 wires labelled 1...21. The wires go up to the 100th floor where the ends are labelled A...U, but you don't know how they correspond to the ends at the bottom. You have a battery, a light bulb, and many small wires. How can you determine the pairing between the numbers and letters by only making one trip to the 100th floor and back down?
A woman starts paddling upstream in a canoe, and after one mile, encounters a log floating with the current. She continues to paddle upstream for onehour, then turns around and paddles downstream, until she returns to the dock where she started. If the woman and the log reach the dock at exactly the same time, how fast was the current flowing? Assume all speeds are constant.
Consider a centrifuge with 12 slots for test tubes. When you use a centrifuge, the tubes must be placed in the slots so that they are radially balanced (we can assume all tubes have the same mass). For example, for 3 tubes, you would place them in slots 4, 8 and 12. How can you place exactly 5 tubes in the centrifuge so that they are radially balanced?
You are on a strict medical regimen that requires you to take two types of pills each day. You must take exactly one A pill and exactly one B pill at the same time. The pills are very expensive, and you don't want to waste any. So you open the bottle of A pills, and tap one out into your hand. Then you open the bottle of B pills and do the same thing -- but you make a mistake, and two B pills come out into your hand with the A pill. But the pills are all exactly identical. There is no way to tell A pills apart from B pills. How can you satisfy your regimen and take exactly one of each pill at the same time, without wasting any pills?
Write an algorithm to find a given element in an n by n matrix where the rows and columns are monotonically increasing.
General Alice and General Bob, commanders of the allied armies A and B, respectively, are camped in the mountains on either side of a valley. Alice and Bob would like to attack enemy army C, camped in the valley below. Army A by itself is unable to defeat army C, as is army B, but a coordinated attack by A and B at the same time will secure a victory for Alice and Bob. However, the only way Alice and Bob can communicate is by sending messengers through the valley, who may or may not get captured en route by the enemy army C. Is there an algorithm by which Alice and Bob can coordinate an attack on army C so as to secure their victory?
Consider a circular race track with n gas stations spaced along it, each containing a fixed amount of gas. You are given an array containing the distances between consecutive gas stations and an array containing the amount of gas at each. Suppose the total amount of gas at all the gas stations is the same as the number of miles around the race track. Your car gets one mile to the gallon, but its gas tank has an unlimited capacity. Where do you start your car along the race track to guarantee that you get all the way around without running out of gas? Do this in O(n) time.
Given an array of n integers, find all Pythagorean triples in the array, that is, three elements such that a² + b² = c². Do this in O(n²) time.
You are on a spaceship that has a computer with n processors. Suddenly, the spaceship gets hit with an alien laser beam, and some of the processors are damaged. However, you know that more than half of the processors are still good. You can ask one processor whether it thinks another processor is good or bad. A good processor will always tell the truth, but a bad one will always lie. A 'step' consists of asking one processor if it thinks another processor is good or bad. Find one good processor, only using n-2 steps.
Given an array of n integers, where one element appears more than n/2 times, find that element in linear time and constant extra space.
A spinning disc is painted black on one half and white on the other (i.e., the line forming the border between the black and white regions of the disc is a diameter of the disc). The disk is spinning on a turntable in an unknown direction at an unknown speed. You have special video cameras that can observe the color of a single point on the disc. How many cameras do you need to determine the direction the disc is spinning?
Create an equilateral triangle using three toothpicks. Now add three more equilateral triangles of the same size as the original using only three more toothpicks.

Linux Admin Interview Questions

2006-04-02T09:23:00.000+05:30

How do you take a single line of input from the user in a shell script?
Write a script to convert all DOS style backslashes to UNIX style slashes in a list of files.
Write a regular expression (or sed script) to replace all occurrences of the letter ‘f’, followed by any number of characters, followed by the letter ‘a’, followed by one or more numeric characters, followed by the letter ‘n’, and replace what’s found with the string “UNIX”.
Write a script to list all the differences between two directories.
Write a program in any language you choose, to reverse a file.
What are the fields of the password file?
What does a plus at the beginning of a line in the password file signify?
Using the man pages, find the correct ioctl to send console output to an arbitrary pty.
What is an MX record?
What is the prom command on a Sun that shows the SCSI devices?
What is the factory default SCSI target for /dev/sd0?
Where is that value controlled?
What happens to a child process that dies and has no parent process to wait for it and what’s bad about this?
What’s wrong with sendmail? What would you fix?
What command do you run to check file system consistency?
What’s wrong with running shutdown on a network?
What can be wrong with setuid scripts?
What value does spawn return?
Write a script to send mail from three other machines on the network to root at the machine you’re on. Use a ‘here doc’, but include in the mail message the name of the machine the mail is sent from and the disk utilization statistics on each machine?
Why can’t root just cd to someone’s home directory and run a program called a.out sitting there by typing “a.out”, and why is this good?
What is the difference between UDP and TCP?
What is DNS?
What does nslookup do?
How do you create a swapfile?
How would you check the route table on a workstation/server?
How do you find which ypmaster you are bound to?
How do you fix a problem where a printer will cutoff anything over 1MB?
What is the largest file system size in solaris? SunOS?
What are the different RAID levels?

Questions from Code4Bill Contest

2006-04-01T10:26:00.000+05:30

Here's a list of good CS-like interview questions that I have got from IITKGP LAN ... (thanx to dc++ p2p network .... ). These questions are in now way easy ... but these questions are worth trying

There is a village of wizards and a village of dwarves. Once a year, the wizards go over to the village of dwarves and line all the dwarves up in increasing height order, such that each dwarf can only see the dwarves smaller than himself. The wizards have an infinite supply of white and black hats. They place either a white or black hat on the head of each dwarf. Then, starting with the tallest dwarf (in the back of the line), they ask each what color hat he is wearing. If the dwarf answers incorrectly, the wizards kill him (the other dwarves can hear his answer, but can't tell if he was killed or not). What strategy can the dwarves use to minimize the number of dwarves that are killed? What is the most number of dwarves that will be killed using this optimal strategy?
Consider a two-player game played on a circular table of unspecified diameter. Each player has an infinite supply of quarters, and take turns placing a quarter on the table such that it is completely on the table and does not overlap with any other quarters already played. A player wins if he makes the last legal move. Which player (if any) has a strategy that will guarantee a win, and what is that strategy?
How do you reverse the order of the words (not the characters) in a string of length n in with constant extra space in linear time?
How do you rotate a string of length n by m characters with constant extra space in linear time (wrt n)?
Consider a rectangular cake with a rectangular section (of any size or orientation) removed from it. How do you divide the cake exactly in half with only one cut?
You have a bar of chocolate that consists of n x m square blocks. If you can only break one piece at a time, how many breaks are necessary to break the original n x m piece into n*m 1 x 1 pieces? How many are sufficient?
How do you quickly count the number of set bits in a 32-bit integer in linear time (with respect to the number of set bits)? In constant time?
Given an array of size N that contains values between 1 and N-1, find the duplicate element (assuming there is only one). If it contains values between 1 and N+1, how would you find the missing element (again assuming there is only one missing)? Do each in O(N).
Give a one-line C expression to test whether an unsigned int is a power of two. (solution)
How many points are there on the globe where by walking one mile south, one mile east and one mile north you reach the place where you started?
Given a singly linked list, determine whether it contains a loop or not. (solution)
Every day, Joe arrives at the train station from work at 6pm. His wife leaves home in her car to meet him there at exactly 6pm, and drives him home. One day, Joe gets to the station an hour early, and starts walking home, until his wife meets him on the road. They get home 20 minutes earlier than usual. How long was he walking? Distances are unspecified. Speeds are unspecified, but constant. (solution)
How do you divide a cake among n people, maximizing fairness? (solution)
In your cellar there are three light switches in the OFF position. Each switch controls one of three light bulbs on floor above. You may move any of the switches but you may only go upstairs to inspect the bulbs one time. How can you determine the switch for each bulb with one inspection? (solution)
Alice and Bob are on separate islands. Bob is sick, and Alice has the medicine. Eve has a boat and a chest that can be locked. She is willing to transport objects between Alice and Bob, but only in the chest, and if the chest is unlocked, she will steal whatever is inside. If both Alice and Bob have a padlock and a key such that their own key only opens their own lock, how can Alice send Bob the medicine so that Eve won't steal it? (solution)
Write some code to convert a positive integer into base minus 2. That is, whereas base 2 has a 1's place, a 2's place, a 4's place, etc., base minus 2 has a 1's place, a minus 2's place, a 4's place, a minus 8's place, ... (-2)^n. (solution)
A couple invites n-1 other couples to dinner. Once everyone arrives, each person shakes hands with everyone he doesn't know. Then, the host asks everyone how many hands they shook, and each person replies with a different number. Assuming that everyone knows his or her own spouse, how many hands did the hostess shake? (solution)
Two robots start at different places on the same linear track. What one program can you give to both robots to guarantee that they meet? The the program may consist only of the instructions move_left n, move_right n (where n is the number of spaces to move), if statements while loops, and the boolean values at_own_start and at_other_robots_start (note that you can't use other variables or counters). (solution)
Which offer is better and why? 1. You are to make a statement. If the statement is true, you get exactly $10. If the statement is false, you get either less than or more than $10 but not exactly $10. 2. You are to make a statement. Regardless of whether the statement is true or false, you get more than $10.
You have two ropes and a box of matches. Each rope takes exactly one hour to burn, but they may not necessarily burn evenly -- i.e., the first half might burn in the first 10 minutes and the second in the remaining 50). How can you measure out 45 minutes by just using these two ropes? (solution)
Consider three identical airplanes starting at the same airport. Each plane has a fuel tank that holds just enough fuel to allow the plane to travel half the distance around the world. These airplanes possess the special ability to transfer fuel between their tanks in mid-flight. Devise a scheme that will allow one airplane to travel all the way around the world, landing only at the original airport. (solution)
You are at the bottom of the elevator shaft of a 100 story building. You see 21 wires labelled 1...21. The wires go up to the 100th floor where the ends are labelled A...U, but you don't know how they correspond to the ends at the bottom. You have a battery, a light bulb, and many small wires. How can you determine the pairing between the numbers and letters by only making one trip to the 100th floor and back down? (solution).
A woman starts paddling upstream in a canoe, and after one mile, encounters a log floating with the current. She continues to paddle upstream for onehour, then turns around and paddles downstream, until she returns to the dock where she started. If the woman and the log reach the dock at exactly the same time, how fast was the current flowing? Assume all speeds are constant. (solution)
Consider a centrifuge with 12 slots for test tubes. When you use a centrifuge, the tubes must be placed in the slots so that they are radially balanced (we can assume all tubes have the same mass). For example, for 3 tubes, you would place them in slots 4, 8 and 12. How can you place exactly 5 tubes in the centrifuge so that they are radially balanced? (solution)
You are on a strict medical regimen that requires you to take two types of pills each day. You must take exactly one A pill and exactly one B pill at the same time. The pills are very expensive, and you don't want to waste any. So you open the bottle of A pills, and tap one out into your hand. Then you open the bottle of B pills and do the same thing -- but you make a mistake, and two B pills come out into your hand with the A pill. But the pills are all exactly identical. There is no way to tell A pills apart from B pills. How can you satisfy your regimen and take exactly one of each pill at the same time, without wasting any pills? (solution)
Write an algorithm to find a given element in an n by n matrix where the rows and columns are monotonically increasing. (solution)
General Alice and General Bob, commanders of the allied armies A and B, respectively, are camped in the mountains on either side of a valley. Alice and Bob would like to attack enemy army C, camped in the valley below. Army A by itself is unable to defeat army C, as is army B, but a coordinated attack by A and B at the same time will secure a victory for Alice and Bob. However, the only way Alice and Bob can communicate is by sending messengers through the valley, who may or may not get captured en route by the enemy army C. Is there an algorithm by which Alice and Bob can coordinate an attack on army C so as to secure their victory? (solution)
Consider a circular race track with n gas stations spaced along it, each containing a fixed amount of gas. You are given an array containing the distances between consecutive gas stations and an array containing the amount of gas at each. Suppose the total amount of gas at all the gas stations is the same as the number of miles around the race track. Your car gets one mile to the gallon, but its gas tank has an unlimited capacity. Where do you start your car along the race track to guarantee that you get all the way around without running out of gas? Do this in O(n) time. (solution)
Given an array of n integers, find all Pythagorean triples in the array, that is, three elements such that a2 + b2 = c2. Do this in O(n2) time. (solution)
You are on a spaceship that has a computer with n processors. Suddenly, the spaceship gets hit with an alien laser beam, and some of the processors are damaged. However, you know that more than half of the processors are still good. You can ask one processor whether it thinks another processor is good or bad. A good processor will always tell the truth, but a bad one will always lie. A 'step' consists of asking one processor if it thinks another processor is good or bad. Find one good processor, only using n-2 steps. (solution)
Given an array of n integers, where one element appears more than n/2 times, find that element in linear time and constant extra space. (solution)
A spinning disc is painted black on one half and white on the other (i.e., the line forming the border between the black and white regions of the disc is a diameter of the disc). The disk is spinning on a turntable in an unknown direction at an unknown speed. You have special video cameras that can observe the color of a single point on the disc. How many cameras do you need to determine the direction the disc is spinning? (solution)
Create an equilateral triangle using three toothpicks. Now add three more equilateral triangles of the same size as the original using only three more toothpicks. (solution)
Imagine that you have 26 constants, labelled A through Z. Each constant is assigned a value in the following way: A = 1; the rest of the values equal their position in the alphabet (B corresponds to the second position so it equals 2, C = 3, etc.) raised to the power of the preceeding constant value. So, B = 2 ^ (A's value), or B = 2^1 = 2. C = 3^2 = 9. D = 4^9, etc., etc. Find the exact numerical value to the following equation: (X - A) * (X - B) * (X - C) * ... * (X - Y) * (X - Z)
Write a routine that prints out a 2-D array in spiral order!
Write an efficient algo and C code to shuffle a pack of cards.. this one was a feedback process until we came up with one with no extra storage.
A real life problem - A square picture is cut into 16 sqaures and they are shuffled. Write a program to rearrange the 16 squares to get the original big square.
Consider the base -2 representation of numbers. (-2 instead of usual +2). Give the condition for a number represented in this form to be positive? Also, if P(A, B) is a function that takes two 0-1 strings A,B in this representation, when can we say that P(A,B) returns the sum of these two numbers?
Given an expression tree with no parentheses in it, write the program to give equivalent infix expression with parentheses inserted where necessary.
Given a maze with cheese at one place and a mouse at some entrance, write a program to direct the mouse to cheese correctly. (Assume there is a path). Following primitives are given: moveforward, turnright, turnleft, iswall?, ischeese?, eatcheese.
There are 4 men who want to cross a bridge. They all begin on the same side. You have 17 minutes to get all of them across to the other side. It is night. There is one flashlight. A maximum of two people can cross at one time. Any party who crosses, either 1 or 2 people, must have the flashlight with them. The flashlight must be walked back and forth, it cannot be thrown, etc. Each man walks at a different speed. A pair must walk together at the rate of the slower mans pace.
Man 1:1 minute to cross
Man 2: 2 minutes to cross
Man 3: 5 minutes to cross
Man 4: 10 minutes to cross

Miscellaneous IT Questions - I

2006-03-31T09:49:00.000+05:30

What's the difference between SQL, DDL, and DML?
What's a join? An inner join? An outer join?
Describe HTTP.
What's a design pattern?
Can you explain the singleton, vistor, facade, or handle class design pattern?
When you do an ls -l, describe in detail everything that comes up on the screen.
Tell me three ways to find an IP address on a Unix box.
Write a bubble sort.
Write a linked list.
Describe an object.
What does object-oriented mean to you.
Can you explain what a B tree is?
What's the difference between UDP and TCP?
What is ICMP?
What's the difference between a stack and a Queue?
Do you know anything about the protection rings in the PC architecture?
How much hardware/Assembler/Computer Architecture experience do you have.
Explain final, finalize, and finally. When the finalize is invoked? How does GC work? etc.
What is your experience with Servlet and JSP?
What is the Prototype design pattern?
In a system that you are designing and developing, a lot of small changes are expected to be committed at the end of a method call (persisted to the DB). If you don't want to query the database frequently. what would you do?
Give an example in which you will combine several design patterns, and explain how the system can benefit from that.
Why would you apply design patterns (benefits)?
What is a two-phase commit?
What will happen if one of your web-server or appserver crashs during its execution?
What are various problems unique to distributed databases
Describe the file system layout in the UNIX OS
what is disk interleaving
why is disk interleaving adopted
given a new disk, how do you determine which interleaving is the best
give 1000 read operations with each kind of interleaving determine the best interleaving from the statistics
draw the graph with performace on one axis and 'n' on another, where 'n' in the 'n' in n-way disk interleaving. (a tricky question, should be answered carefully)
Design a memory management scheme.
What sort of technique you would use to update a set of files over a network, where a server contains the master copy.

C++ syntax, semantics and simple programming questions

2006-03-30T18:52:00.000+05:30

What is an object in C++?
What is a message?
What is a class?
What is an instance?
What is a super-class?
What is inheritance?
To what does message protocol refer?
What is polymorphism?
What are instance variables?
What are class variables?
What is a method?
In C++ what is a constructor? A destructor?
Compare and contrast C and C++.
What is operator overloading?
What is cin and cout?
Contrast procedural and object oriented programming.
How do you link a C++ program to C functions?
Explain the scope resolution operator.
What are the differences between a C++ struct and C++ class?
How many ways are there to initialize an int with a constant?
How does throwing and catching exceptions differ from using setjmp and longjmp?
What is your reaction to this line of code?
```
delete this;
```
What is a default constructor?
What is a conversion constructor?
What is the difference between a copy constructor and an overloaded assignment operator?
When should you use multiple inheritance?
What is a virtual destructor?
Explain the ISA and HASA class relationships. How would you implement each in a class design?
When is a template a better solution than a base class?
What is the result of compiling this program in a C compiler? in a C++ compiler?
```
int __ = 0;
main() {
int ___ = 2;
printf("%d\n", ___ + __);
}
```
What is the difference between C and C++ ? Would you prefer to use one over the other ?
What are the access privileges in C++ ? What is the default access level ?
What is data encapsulation ?
What is inheritance ?
What is multiple inheritance ? What are it's advantages and disadvantages ?
What is polymorphism?
What do the keyword static and const signify ?
How is memory allocated/deallocated in C ? How about C++ ?
What is UML ?
What is the difference between a shallow copy and a deep copy ?
What are the differences between new and malloc?
What is the difference between delete and delete[]?
What are the differences between a struct in C and in C++?
What are the advantages/disadvantages of using #define?
What are the advantages/disadvantages of using inline and const?
What is the difference between a pointer and a reference?
When would you use a pointer? A reference?
What does it mean to take the address of a reference?
What does it mean to declare a function or variable as static?
What is the order of initalization for data?
What is name mangling/name decoration?
What kind of problems does name mangling cause?
How do you work around them?
What is a class?
What are the differences between a struct and a class in C++?
What is the difference between public, private, and protected access?
For class CFoo { }; what default methods will the compiler generate for you>?
How can you force the compiler to not generate them?
What is the purpose of a constructor? Destructor?
What is a constructor initializer list?
When must you use a constructor initializer list?
What is a: Constructor? Destructor? Default constructor? Copy constructor? Conversion constructor?
What does it mean to declare a... member function as virtual? member function as static? member varible as static? destructor as static?
Can you explain the term "resource acqusition is initialization?"
What is a "pure virtual" member function?
What is the difference between public, private, and protected inheritance?
What is virtual inheritance?
What is placement new?
What is the difference between operator new and the new operator?
What is exception handling?
Explain what happens when an exception is thrown in C++.
What happens if an exception is not caught?
What happens if an exception is throws from an object's constructor?
What happens if an exception is throws from an object's destructor?
What are the costs and benefits of using exceptions?
When would you choose to return an error code rather than throw an exception?
What is a template?
What is partial specialization or template specialization?
How can you force instantiation of a template?
What is an iterator?
What is an algorithm (in terms of the STL/C++ standard library)?
What is std::auto_ptr?
What is wrong with this statement? std::auto_ptr ptr(new char[10]);
It is possible to build a C++ compiler on top of a C compiler. How would you do this?
What output does the following code generate? Why? What output does it generate if you make A::Foo() a pure virtual function?
What output does this program generate as shown? Why?
C++ ( what is virtual function ? what happens if an error occurs in constructor or destructor. Discussion on error handling, templates, unique features of C++. What is different in C++, ( compare with unix).
I was given a c++ code and was asked to find out the bug in that. The bug was that he declared an object locally in a function and tried to return the pointer to that object. Since the object is local to the function, it no more exists after returning from the function. The pointer, therefore, is invalid outside.

C syntax, semantics and simple programming questions

2006-03-29T08:32:00.000+05:30

What does the term cast refer to? Why is it used?
In arithmetic expressions, to what data type will the C compiler promote a character?
What is the difference between a statement and a block?
Increment the variable next three different ways.
How is a comment formed in C.
Can comments be nested?
From the standpoint of programming logic, what is the difference between a loop with the test at the top, and a loop where the test is at the bottom?
Specify the skeletons of two C loops with the test at the top.
Specify a C loop with the test at the bottom.
What is the switch statement?
What does a break statement do? Which control structures use it?
In a loop, what is the difference between a break and continue statement?
Where may variables be defined in C?
What is the difference between a variable definition and a variable declaration?
What is the purpose of a function prototype?
What is type checking?
To what does the term storage class refer?
List C's storage classes and what they signify.
State the syntax for the printf() and scanf() functions. State their one crucial difference with respect to their parameters.
With respect to function parameter passing, what is the difference between call-by-value and call-by-reference? Which method does C use?
What is a structure and a union in C?
Define a structure for a simple name/address record.
What does the typedef keyword do?
Use typedef to make a short-cut way to declare a pointer to the nameAddr structure above. Call it addrPtr.
Declare a variable with addrPtr called address.
Assuming the variable address above, how would one refer to the city portion of the record within a C expression?
What is the difference between: #include and #include "stdio.h"
What is #ifdef used for?
How do you define a constant in C?
Why can't you nest structure definitions?
Can you nest function definitions?
What is a forward reference?
What are the following and how do they differ: int, long, float and double?
Define a macro called SQR which squares a number.
Is it possible to take the square-root of a number in C. Is there a square-root operator in C?
Using fprintf() print a single floating point number right-justified in a field of 20 spaces, no leading zeros, and 4 decimal places. The destination should be stderr and the variable is called num.
What is the difference between the & and && operators and the | and || operators?
What is the difference between the -> and . operators?
What is the symbol for the modulus operator?
From the standpoint of logic, what is the difference between the fragment:
```
if (next < max)
next++;
else
next = 0;
```
and the fragment:
```
next += (next < max)? (1):(-next);
```

What does the following fragment do?

while((d=c=getch(),d)!=EOF&&(c!='\t'||c!=' '||c!='\b')) *buff++ = ++c;

Is C case sensitive (ie: does C differentiate between upper and lower case letters)?
Specify how a filestream called inFile should be opened for random reading and writing. the file's name is in fileName.
What does fopen() return if successful. If unsuccessful?
What is the void data type? What is a void pointer?
Declare a pointer called fnc which points to a function that returns an unsigned long.
Declare a pointer called pfnc which points to a function that returns a pointer to a structure of type nameAddr.
It is possible for a function to return a character, an integer, and a floating point number. Is it possible for a function to return a structure? Another function?
What is the difference between an lvalue and an rvalue?
Given the decimal number 27, how would one express it as a hexadecimal number in C?
What is malloc()?
What is the difference between malloc() and calloc()?
What kind of problems was C designed to solve?
write C code for deleting an element from a linked listy traversing a linked list efficient way of elimiating duplicates from an array
Declare a void pointer
Make the pointer aligned to a 4 byte boundary in a efficient manner
What is a far pointer (in DOS)
Write an efficient C code for 'tr' program. 'tr' has two command line arguments. They both are strings of same length. tr reads an input file, replaces each character in the first string with the corresponding character in the second string. eg. 'tr abc xyz' replaces all 'a's by 'x's, 'b's by 'y's and so on.
Write C code to implement strtok() 'c' library function.
Implement strstr(), strcpy(), strtok() etc
Reverse a string.
Given a linked list which is sorted, how will you insert in sorted way.
Write a function that allocates memory for a two-dimensional array of given size (parameter x & y)
Write source code for printHex(int i) in C/C++
Write a function that finds the last instance of a character in a string.

Data Structures and Algorithms - I

2006-03-28T08:27:00.000+05:30

Write a function and the node data structure to visit all of the nodes in a binary tree.
You know what a queue is .... Implement a queue class with Java. What is the cost of enqueue and dequeue? Can you improve this? What if the queue is full (I was using an looping array)? What kind of mechanism would you use to increase its size?
Give an algorithm that calculates the distance between two text strings (only operations you can have are: delete, add, and change, one by one).
Given the definition of a sequence (5 4 7 6 is, but 1 2 4 5 is not), write an algorithm to check if an arbitrary array is a sequence or not. Once I figured out a solution, I was asked to do a space and time complexity analysis.
Describe a situation where concurrent access would lead to inconsistency in your application. How would you solve this problem?
You are given a list of n numbers from 1 to n-1, with one of the numbers repeated. Devise a method to determine which number is repeated.
Write an algorithm to detect loop in a linked list.
Given the time, devise an algorithm to calculate the angle between the hour and minute hands of an analog clock.
Devise an algorithm for detecting whether a given string is a palindrome (spelled the same way forwards and backwards). For example, "A man, a plan, a canal, Panama."
Given an eight-bit bitmap graphics file, devise an algorithm to convert the file into a two-bit ASCII approximation.
Reverse a linked list.
Insert in a sorted list
First some definitions for this problem: a) An ASCII character is one byte long and the most significant bit in the byte is always '0'. b) A Kanji character is two bytes long. The only characteristic of a Kanji character is that in its first byte the most significant bit is '1'. Now you are given an array of a characters (both ASCII and Kanji) and, an index into the array. The index points to the start of some character. Now you need to write a function to do a backspace (i.e. delete the character before the given index).
Delete an element from a doubly linked list.
Write a function to find the depth of a binary tree.
Assuming that locks are the only reason due to which deadlocks can occur in a system. What would be a foolproof method of avoiding deadlocks in the system.
Besides communication cost, what is the other source of inefficiency in RPC?
Ways of optimizing symbol table storage in compilers.
A walk-through through the symbol table functions, lookup() implementation etc - The interv. was on the Microsoft C team.
Given an array t[100] which contains numbers between 1..99. Return the duplicated value. Try both O(n) and O(n-square).
Given an array of characters. How would you reverse it. ? How would you reverse it without using indexing in the array.
Given a sequence of characters. How will you convert the lower case characters to upper case characters. ( Try using bit vector - sol given in the C lib -> typec.h)
Give a good data structure for having n queues ( n not fixed) in a finite memory segment. You can have some data-structure separate for each queue. Try to use at least 90% of the memory space.
Do a breadth first traversal of a tree.
Given a list of numbers ( fixed list) Now given any other list, how can you efficiently find out if there is any element in the second list that is an element of the first list (fixed list).
What is a balanced tree
How would you find a cycle in a linked list? Try to do it in O(n) time. Try it using a constant amount of memory.
Implement an algorithm to reverse a doubly linked list.
A square picture is cut into 16 squares and they are shuffled. Write a program to rearrange the 16 squares to get the original big square.
The Web can be modeled as a directed graph. Come up with a graph traversal algorithm. Make the algorithm non-recursive and breadth-first.
How would you implement a hash table ? How do you deal with collisions?
How would you find a cycle in a linked list? Try to do it in O(n) time. Try it using a constant amount of memory.
Given a history of URLs, how would you determine if a particular URL had been seen before?
Since pages can have multiple URLs pointing to them, how can you make sure you've never seen the same CONTENT before?
Write a function to print all of the permutations of a string.
Come up with the plan on how to traverse a graph, as well as to quickly determine if a given URL is one of the million or so you've previously seen.
The Web can be modeled as a directed graph. Come up with a graph traversal algorithm. Make the algorithm non-recursive and breadth-first.
Implement an algorithm to reverse a singly linked list. (with and without recursion)
Implement an algorithm to reverse a doubly linked list.
Implement an algorithm to insert in a sorted list.
Delete an element from a doubly linked list.
Write a function to copy two strings, A and B. The last few bytes of string A overlap the first few bytes of string B.
Implement an algorithm to sort an array.
Given a sequence of characters, how will you convert the lower case characters to upper case characters?
Write a routine that prints out a 2-D array in spiral order.
Count the number of set bits in a number without using a loop.
Give me an algorithm and C code to shuffle a deck of cards, given that the cards are stored in an array of ints. Try to come up with a solution that does not require any extra space.
Write a function that takes in a string parameter and checks to see whether or not it is an integer, and if it is then return the integer value.
How would you print out the data in a binary tree, level by level, starting at the top?
Given an array of characters which form a sentence of words, give an efficient algorithm to reverse the order of the words in it.
Write a function to find the depth of a binary tree.
Given a list of numbers ( fixed list) Now given any other list, how can you efficiently find out if there is any element in the second list that is an element of the first list (fixed list).
How would you implement a queue from a stack?
Write a funtion that finds repeating characters in a string.
Write a routine to reverse a series of numbers without using an array.
Give me an algorithm for telling me the number I didn't give you in a given range of numbers. (Numbers are given at random)

Tougher Programming Questions - I

2006-03-27T22:53:00.000+05:30

Write a routine to draw a circle (x ** 2 + y ** 2 = r ** 2) without making use of any floating point computations at all.
Given only putchar (no sprintf, itoa, etc.) write a routine putlong that prints out an unsigned long in decimal.
Give a one-line C expression to test whether a number is a power of 2. [No loops allowed - it's a simple test.]
Give a very good method to count the number of ones in a 32 bit number. (caution: looping through testing each bit is not a solution).
What are the different ways to say, the value of x can be either a 0 or a 1.
I was given two lines of assembly code which found the absolute value of a number stored in two's complement form. I had to recognize what the code was doing.
Give a fast way to multiply a number by 7.
Write an efficient algo and C code to shuffle a pack of cards.. this one was a feedback process until we came up with one with no extra storage.
A real life problem - A square picture is cut into 16 sqaures and they are shuffled. Write a program to rearrange the 16 squares to get the original big square.
Consider the base -2 representation of numbers. (-2 instead of usual +2). Give the condition for a number represented in this form to be positive? Also, if P(A, B) is a function that takes two 0-1 strings A,B in this representation, when can we say that P(A,B) returns the sum of these two numbers?
Given an expression tree with no parentheses in it, write the program to give equivalent infix expression with parentheses inserted where necessary.
Given a maze with cheese at one place and a mouse at some entrance, write a program to direct the mouse to cheese correctly. (Assume there is a path). Following primitives are given: moveforward, turnright, turnleft, iswall?, ischeese?, eatcheese.
Give me an algorithm and C code to find the subarray with the largest sum given an array containing both positive and negative integers.
Write a function that returns the factorial of a number.
Write a function that computes the nth number in the Fibonacci sequence.
Write an implementation of strlen().
Switch the integer values stored in two registers without using any additional memory.
Given two strings S1 and S2. Delete from S2 all those characters which occur in S1 also and finally create a clean S2 with the relevant characters deleted.
Write a small lexical analyzer - interviewer gave tokens. expressions like "a*b" etc.
Write a routine that prints out a 2-D array in spiral order!
How is the readers-writers problem solved? - using semaphores/ada .. etc.
Write code for reversing a linked list.
Write, efficient code for extracting unique elements from a sorted list of array. e.g. (1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 9, 9, 9, 9) -> (1, 3, 5, 9).

Logic Questions - I

2006-03-26T09:42:00.000+05:30

Given a rectangular (cuboidal for the puritans) cake with a rectangular piece removed (any size or orientation), how would you cut the remainder of the cake into two equal halves with one straight cut of a knife ?
You're given an array containing both positive and negative integers and required to find the subarray with the largest sum (O(N) a la KBL). Write a routine in C for the above.
Given an array of size N in which every number is between 1 and N, determine if there are any duplicates in it. You are allowed to destroy the array if you like.
Given an array of characters which form a sentence of words, give an efficient algorithm to reverse the order of the words (not characters) in it.
How many points are there on the globe where by walking one mile south, one mile east and one mile north you reach the place where you started.
In a X's and 0's game (i.e. TIC TAC TOE) if you write a program for this give a fast way to generate the moves by the computer. I mean this should be the fastest way possible.
A version of the "There are three persons X Y Z, one of which always lies"..
There are 3 ants at 3 corners of a triangle, they randomly start moving towards another corner.. what is the probability that they don't collide.
If you are on a boat and you throw out a suitcase, Will the level of water increase.
There are 4 men who want to cross a bridge. They all begin on the same side. You have 17 minutes to get all of them across to the other side. It is night. There is one flashlight. A maximum of two people can cross at one time. Any party who crosses, either 1 or 2 people, must have the flashlight with them. The flashlight must be walked back and forth, it cannot be thrown, etc. Each man walks at a different speed. A pair must walk together at the rate of the slower mans pace.
```
Man 1:1 minute to cross
Man 2: 2 minutes to cross
Man 3: 5 minutes to cross
Man 4: 10 minutes to cross
```
You have 5 jars of pills. Each pill weighs 10 gram, except for contaminated pills contained in one jar, where each pill weighs 9 gm. Given a scale, how could you tell which jar had the contaminated pills in just one measurement?
One train leaves Los Angeles at 15 MPH heading for New York. Another train leaves from New York at 20mph heading for Los Angeles on the same track. If a bird, flying at 25mph, leaves from Los Angeles at the same time as the train and flies back and forth between the two trains until they collide, how far will the bird have traveled?
Imagine that you have 26 constants, labelled A through Z. Each constant is assigned a value in the following way: A = 1; the rest of the values equal their position in the alphabet (B corresponds to the second position so it equals 2, C = 3, etc.) raised to the power of the preceeding constant value. So, B = 2 ^ (A's value), or B = 2^1 = 2. C = 3^2 = 9. D = 4^9, etc., etc. Find the exact numerical value to the following equation:
```
(X - A) * (X - B) * (X - C) * ... * (X - Y) * (X - Z) 
```
You have 12 balls. All of them are identical except one, which is either heavier or lighter than the rest - it is either hollow while the rest are solid, or solid while the rest are hollow. You have a simple two-armed scale, and are permitted three weighings. Can you identify the odd ball, and determine whether it is hollow or solid.

Questions On Microprocessor - I

2006-03-25T22:23:00.000+05:30

Which type of architecture 8085 has?

How many memory locations can be addressed by a microprocessor with 14 address lines?

8085 is how many bit microprocessor?

Why is data bus bi-directional?

What is the function of accumulator?

What is flag, bus?

What are tri-state devices and why they are essential in a bus oriented system?

Why are program counter and stack pointer 16-bit registers?

What does it mean by embedded system?

What are the different addressing modes in 8085?

What is the difference between MOV and MVI?

What are the functions of RIM, SIM, IN?

What is the immediate addressing mode?

What are the different flags in 8085?

What happens during DMA transfer?

What do you mean by wait state? What is its need?

What is PSW?

What is ALE? Explain the functions of ALE in 8085.

What is a program counter? What is its use?

What is an interrupt?

Which line will be activated when an output device require attention from CPU?

Questions On Java - III (Java Certification)

2006-03-24T16:18:00.000+05:30

http://www.javaprepare.com/quests/question.html

Microsoft :: Sample Placement Paper - I

2006-03-23T20:33:00.000+05:30

Puzzles, Riddles and Others

0. Classic: If a bear walks one mile south, turns left and walks one mile to the east and then turns left again and walks one mile north and arrives at its original position, what is the color of the bear.

ANS. The color of the bear is trivial. The possible solutions to it are interesting. In addition to the trivial north pole, there are additional circles near south pole. Think it out.

* 1. Given a rectangular (cuboidal for the puritans) cake with a rectangular piece removed (any size or orientation), how would you cut the remainder of the cake into two equal halves with one straight cut of a knife?

ANS. Join the centers of the original and the removed rectangle. It works for cuboids too! BTW, I have been getting many questions asking why a horizontal slice across the middle will not do. Please note the "any size or orientation" in the question! Don't get boxed in by the way you cut your birthday cake :) Think out of the box.

2. There are 3 baskets. one of them have apples, one has oranges only and the other has mixture of apples and oranges. The labels on their baskets always lie. (i.e. if the label says oranges, you are sure that it doesn't have oranges only,it could be a mixture) The task is to pick one basket and pick only one fruit from it and then correctly label all the three baskets.

HINT. There are only two combinations of distributions in which ALL the baskets have wrong labels. By picking a fruit from the one labeled MIXTURE, it is possible to tell what the other two baskets have.

3. You have 8 balls. One of them is defective and weighs less than others. You have a balance to measure balls against each other. In 2 weighings how do you find the defective one?

4. Why is a manhole cover round?

HINT. The diagonal of a square hole is larger than the side of a cover!

Alternate answers: 1. Round covers can be transported by one person, because they can be rolled on their edge. 2. A round cover doesn't need to be rotated to fit over a hole.

5. How many cars are there in the USA?

6. You've got someone working for you for seven days and a gold bar to pay them. The gold bar is segmented into seven connected pieces. You must give them a piece of gold at the end of every day. If you are only allowed to make two breaks in the gold bar, how do you pay your worker?

7. One train leaves Los Angeles at 15mph heading for New York. Another train leaves from New York at 20mph heading for Los Angeles on the same track. If a bird, flying at 25mph, leaves from Los Angeles at the same time as the train and flies back and forth between the two trains until they collide, how far will the bird have traveled?

HINT. Think relative speed of the trains.

8. You have two jars, 50 red marbles and 50 blue marbles. A jar will be picked at random, and then a marble will be picked from the jar. Placing all of the marbles in the jars, how can you maximize the chances of a red marble being picked? What are the exact odds of getting a red marble using your scheme?

9. Imagine you are standing in front of a mirror, facing it. Raise your left hand. Raise your right hand. Look at your reflection. When you raise your left hand your reflection raises what appears to be his right hand. But when you tilt your head up, your reflection does too, and does not appear to tilt his/her head down. Why is it that the mirror appears to reverse left and right, but not up and down?

10. You have 5 jars of pills. Each pill weighs 10 gram, except for contaminated pills contained in one jar, where each pill weighs 9 gm. Given a scale, how could you tell which jar had the contaminated pills in just one measurement?

ANS. 1. Mark the jars with numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
2. Take 1 pill from jar 1, take 2 pills from jar 2, take 3 pills from jar 3, take 4 pills from jar 4 and take 5 pills from jar 5.
3. Put all of them on the scale at once and take the measurement.
4. Now, subtract the measurement from 150 ( 1*10 + 2*10 + 3*10 + 4*10 + 5*10)
5. The result will give you the jar number which has contaminated pill.

11. If you had an infinite supply of water and a 5 quart and 3 quart pail, how would you measure exactly 4 quarts?

12. You have a bucket of jelly beans. Some are red, some are blue, and some green. With your eyes closed, pick out 2 of a like color. How many do you have to grab to be sure you have 2 of the same?

13. Which way should the key turn in a car door to unlock it?

14. If you could remove any of the 50 states, which state would it be and why?

15. There are four dogs/ants/people at four corners of a square of unit distance. At the same instant all of them start running with unit speed towards the person on their clockwise direction and will always run towards that target. How long does it take for them to meet and where?

HINT. They will meet in the center and the distance covered by them is independent of the path they actually take (a spiral).

16. (from Tara Hovel) A helicopter drops two trains, each on a parachute, onto a straight infinite railway line. There is an undefined distance between the two trains. Each faces the same direction, and upon landing, the parachute attached to each train falls to the ground next to the train and detaches. Each train has a microchip that controls its motion. The chips are identical. There is no way for the trains to know where they are. You need to write the code in the chip to make the trains bump into each other. Each line of code takes a single clock cycle to execute.
You can use the following commands (and only these);
MF - moves the train forward
MB - moves the train backward
IF (P) - conditional that's satisfied if the train is next to a parachute. There is no "then" to this IF statement.
GOTO

ANS.
A: MF
IF (P)
GOTO B
GOTO A
-----
B: MF
GOTO B
Explanation: The first line simply gets them off the parachutes. You need to get the trains off their parachutes so the back train can find the front train's parachute, creating a special condition that will allow it to break out of the code they both have to follow initially. They both loop through A: until the back train finds the front train's parachute, at which point it goes to B: and gets stuck in that loop. The front train still hasn't found a parachute, so it keeps in the A loop. Because each line of code takes a "clock cycle" to execute, it takes longer to execute the A loop than the B loop, therefore the back train (running in the B loop) will catch up to the front train.

Personality

It is best to read some website or a book for questions like these.

1. Tell me the courses you liked and why did you like them.

2. Give an instance in your life in which you were faced with a problem and you tackled it successfully.

3. What is your ideal working environment.

4. Why do you think you are smart.

5. Questions on the projects listed on the Resume.

6. Do you want to know any thing about the company.( Try to ask some relevant and interesting question).

7. How long do you want to stay in USA and why (I guess non-citizens get this)?

8. What is your geographical preference?

9. What are your expectations from the job.

Algorithms and Programming

1. Given a rectangular (cuboidal for the puritans) cake with a rectangular piece removed (any size or orientation), how would you cut the remainder of the cake into two equal halves with one straight cut of a knife ?

2. You're given an array containing both positive and negative integers and required to find the sub-array with the largest sum (O(N) a la KBL). Write a routine in C for the above.

3. Given an array of size N in which every number is between 1 and N, determine if there are any duplicates in it. You are allowed to destroy the array if you like. [ I ended up giving about 4 or 5 different solutions for this, each supposedly better than the others ].

4. Write a routine to draw a circle (x ** 2 + y ** 2 = r ** 2) without making use of any floating point computations at all. [ This one had me stuck for quite some time and I first gave a solution that did have floating point computations ].

5. Given only putchar (no sprintf, itoa, etc.) write a routine putlong that prints out an unsigned long in decimal. [ I gave the obvious solution of taking % 10 and / 10, which gives us the decimal value in reverse order. This requires an array since we need to print it out in the correct order. The interviewer wasn't too pleased and asked me to give a solution which didn't need the array ].

6. Give a one-line C expression to test whether a number is a power of 2. [No loops allowed - it's a simple test.]

7. Given an array of characters which form a sentence of words, give an efficient algorithm to reverse the order of the words (not characters) in it.

8. How many points are there on the globe where by walking one mile south, one mile east and one mile north you reach the place where you started.

9. Give a very good method to count the number of ones in a "n" (e.g. 32) bit number.

ANS. Given below are simple solutions, find a solution that does it in log (n) steps.

Iterative

function iterativecount (unsigned int n)
begin
 int count=0;  
 while (n)
 begin
    count += n & 0x1 ;
    n >>= 1;
 end
 return count;
end

Sparse Count

function sparsecount (unsigned int n)
begin
 int count=0;  
 while (n)
 begin
    count++;
    n &= (n-1);
 end
 return count ;
end

10. What are the different ways to implement a condition where the value of x can be either a 0 or a 1. Apparently the if then else solution has a jump when written out in assembly. if (x == 0) y=a else y=b There is a logical, arithmetic and a data structure solution to the above problem.

11. Reverse a linked list.

12. Insert in a sorted list

13. In a X's and 0's game (i.e. TIC TAC TOE) if you write a program for this give a fast way to generate the moves by the computer. I mean this should be the fastest way possible.

The answer is that you need to store all possible configurations of the board and the move that is associated with that. Then it boils down to just accessing the right element and getting the corresponding move for it. Do some analysis and do some more optimization in storage since otherwise it becomes infeasible to get the required storage in a DOS machine.

14. I was given two lines of assembly code which found the absolute value of a number stored in two's complement form. I had to recognize what the code was doing. Pretty simple if you know some assembly and some fundaes on number representation.

15. Give a fast way to multiply a number by 7.

16. How would go about finding out where to find a book in a library. (You don't know how exactly the books are organized beforehand).

17. Linked list manipulation.

18. Tradeoff between time spent in testing a product and getting into the market first.

19. What to test for given that there isn't enough time to test everything you want to.

20. First some definitions for this problem: a) An ASCII character is one byte long and the most significant bit in the byte is always '0'. b) A Kanji character is two bytes long. The only characteristic of a Kanji character is that in its first byte the most significant bit is '1'.

Now you are given an array of a characters (both ASCII and Kanji) and, an index into the array. The index points to the start of some character. Now you need to write a function to do a backspace (i.e. delete the character before the given index).

21. Delete an element from a doubly linked list.

22. Write a function to find the depth of a binary tree.

23. Given two strings S1 and S2. Delete from S2 all those characters which occur in S1 also and finally create a clean S2 with the relevant characters deleted.

24. Assuming that locks are the only reason due to which deadlocks can occur in a system. What would be a foolproof method of avoiding deadlocks in the system.

25. Reverse a linked list.

Ans: Possible answers -

iterative loop
curr->next = prev;
prev = curr;
curr = next;
next = curr->next
endloop

recursive reverse(ptr)
if (ptr->next == NULL)
return ptr;
temp = reverse(ptr->next);
temp->next = ptr;
return ptr;
end

26. Write a small lexical analyzer - interviewer gave tokens. expressions like "a*b" etc.

27. Besides communication cost, what is the other source of inefficiency in RPC? (answer : context switches, excessive buffer copying). How can you optimize the communication? (ans : communicate through shared memory on same machine, bypassing the kernel _ A Univ. of Wash. thesis)

28. Write a routine that prints out a 2-D array in spiral order!

29. How is the readers-writers problem solved? - using semaphores/ada .. etc.

30. Ways of optimizing symbol table storage in compilers.

31. A walk-through through the symbol table functions, lookup() implementation etc. - The interviewer was on the Microsoft C team.

32. A version of the "There are three persons X Y Z, one of which always lies".. etc..

33. There are 3 ants at 3 corners of a triangle, they randomly start moving towards another corner.. what is the probability that they don't collide.

34. Write an efficient algorithm and C code to shuffle a pack of cards.. this one was a feedback process until we came up with one with no extra storage.

35. The if (x == 0) y = 0 etc..

36. Some more bitwise optimization at assembly level

37. Some general questions on Lex, Yacc etc.

38. Given an array t[100] which contains numbers between 1..99. Return the duplicated value. Try both O(n) and O(n-square).

39. Given an array of characters. How would you reverse it. ? How would you reverse it without using indexing in the array.

40. Given a sequence of characters. How will you convert the lower case characters to upper case characters. ( Try using bit vector - solutions given in the C lib -typec.h)

41. Fundamentals of RPC.

42. Given a linked list which is sorted. How will u insert in sorted way.

43. Given a linked list How will you reverse it.

44. Give a good data structure for having n queues ( n not fixed) in a finite memory segment. You can have some data-structure separate for each queue. Try to use at least 90% of the memory space.

45. Do a breadth first traversal of a tree.

46. Write code for reversing a linked list.

47. Write, efficient code for extracting unique elements from a sorted list of array. e.g. (1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 9, 9, 9, 9) -> (1, 3, 5, 9).

48. Given an array of integers, find the contiguous sub-array with the largest sum.

ANS. Can be done in O(n) time and O(1) extra space. Scan array from 1 to n. Remember the best sub-array seen so far and the best sub-array ending in i.

49. Given an array of length N containing integers between 1 and N, determine if it contains any duplicates.

ANS. [Is there an O(n) time solution that uses only O(1) extra space and does not destroy the original array?]

50. Sort an array of size n containing integers between 1 and K, given a temporary scratch integer array of size K.

ANS. Compute cumulative counts of integers in the auxiliary array. Now scan the original array, rotating cycles! [Can someone word this more nicely?]

* 51. An array of size k contains integers between 1 and n. You are given an additional scratch array of size n. Compress the original array by removing duplicates in it. What if k <<>

ANS. Can be done in O(k) time i.e. without initializing the auxiliary array!

52. An array of integers. The sum of the array is known not to overflow an integer. Compute the sum. What if we know that integers are in 2's complement form?

ANS. If numbers are in 2's complement, an ordinary looking loop like for(i=total=0;i<>

53. An array of characters. Reverse the order of words in it.

ANS. Write a routine to reverse a character array. Now call it for the given array and for each word in it.

* 54. An array of integers of size n. Generate a random permutation of the array, given a function rand_n() that returns an integer between 1 and n, both inclusive, with equal probability. What is the expected time of your algorithm?

ANS. "Expected time" should ring a bell. To compute a random permutation, use the standard algorithm of scanning array from n downto 1, swapping i-th element with a uniformly random element <= i-th. To compute a uniformly random integer between 1 and k (k <>

55. An array of pointers to (very long) strings. Find pointers to the (lexicographically) smallest and largest strings.

ANS. Scan array in pairs. Remember largest-so-far and smallest-so-far. Compare the larger of the two strings in the current pair with largest-so-far to update it. And the smaller of the current pair with the smallest-so-far to update it. For a total of <= 3n/2 strcmp() calls. That's also the lower bound.

56. Write a program to remove duplicates from a sorted array.

ANS. int remove_duplicates(int * p, int size)
{
int current, insert = 1;
for (current=1; current < size; current++)
if (p[current] != p[insert-1])
{
p[insert] = p[current];
current++;
insert++;
} else
current++;

return insert;

}

57. C++ ( what is virtual function ? what happens if an error occurs in constructor or destructor. Discussion on error handling, templates, unique features of C++. What is different in C++, ( compare with unix).

58. Given a list of numbers ( fixed list) Now given any other list, how can you efficiently find out if there is any element in the second list that is an element of the first list (fixed list).

59. Given 3 lines of assembly code : find it is doing. IT was to find absolute value.

60. If you are on a boat and you throw out a suitcase, Will the level of water increase.

61. Print an integer using only putchar. Try doing it without using extra storage.

62. Write C code for (a) deleting an element from a linked list (b) traversing a linked list

63. What are various problems unique to distributed databases

64. Declare a void pointer ANS. void *ptr;

65. Make the pointer aligned to a 4 byte boundary in a efficient manner ANS. Assign the pointer to a long number and the number with 11...1100 add 4 to the number

66. What is a far pointer (in DOS)

67. What is a balanced tree

68. Given a linked list with the following property node2 is left child of node1, if node2 <>

 O P
 |
 |
 O A
 |
 |
 O B
 |
 |
 O C

How do you convert the above linked list to the form without disturbing the property. Write C code for that.

   O P
   |
   |
   O B
         /         /          /           O ?     O ?

determine where do A and C go

69. Describe the file system layout in the UNIX OS

ANS. describe boot block, super block, inodes and data layout

70. In UNIX, are the files allocated contiguous blocks of data

ANS. no, they might be fragmented

How is the fragmented data kept track of

ANS. Describe the direct blocks and indirect blocks in UNIX file system

71. Write an efficient C code for 'tr' program. 'tr' has two command line arguments. They both are strings of same length. tr reads an input file, replaces each character in the first string with the corresponding character in the second string. eg. 'tr abc xyz' replaces all 'a's by 'x's, 'b's by 'y's and so on. ANS.
a) have an array of length 26.
put 'x' in array element corr to 'a'
put 'y' in array element corr to 'b'
put 'z' in array element corr to 'c'
put 'd' in array element corr to 'd'
put 'e' in array element corr to 'e'
and so on.

the code
while (!eof)
{
c = getc();
putc(array[c - 'a']);
}

72. what is disk interleaving

73. why is disk interleaving adopted

74. given a new disk, how do you determine which interleaving is the best a) give 1000 read operations with each kind of interleaving determine the best interleaving from the statistics

75. draw the graph with performance on one axis and 'n' on another, where 'n' in the 'n' in n-way disk interleaving. (a tricky question, should be answered carefully)

76. I was a c++ code and was asked to find out the bug in that. The bug was that he declared an object locally in a function and tried to return the pointer to that object. Since the object is local to the function, it no more exists after returning from the function. The pointer, therefore, is invalid outside.

77. A real life problem - A square picture is cut into 16 squares and they are shuffled. Write a program to rearrange the 16 squares to get the original big square.

78.
int *a;
char *c;
*(a) = 20;
*c = *a;
printf("%c",*c);

what is the output?

79. Write a program to find whether a given m/c is big-endian or little-endian!

80. What is a volatile variable?

81. What is the scope of a static function in C ?

82. What is the difference between "malloc" and "calloc"?

83. struct n { int data; struct n* next}node;
node *c,*t;
c->data = 10;
t->next = null;
*c = *t;
what is the effect of the last statement?

84. If you're familiar with the ? operator x ? y : z
you want to implement that in a function: int cond(int x, int y, int z); using only ~, !, ^, &, +, |, <<, >> no if statements, or loops or anything else, just those operators, and the function should correctly return y or z based on the value of x. You may use constants, but only 8 bit constants. You can cast all you want. You're not supposed to use extra variables, but in the end, it won't really matter, using vars just makes things cleaner. You should be able to reduce your solution to a single line in the end though that requires no extra vars.

85. You have an abstract computer, so just forget everything you know about computers, this one only does what I'm about to tell you it does. You can use as many variables as you need, there are no negative numbers, all numbers are integers. You do not know the size of the integers, they could be infinitely large, so you can't count on truncating at any point. There are NO comparisons allowed, no if statements or anything like that. There are only four operations you can do on a variable.
1) You can set a variable to 0.
2) You can set a variable = another variable.
3) You can increment a variable (only by 1), and it's a post increment.
4) You can loop. So, if you were to say loop(v1) and v1 = 10, your loop would execute 10 times, but the value in v1 wouldn't change so the first line in the loop can change value of v1 without changing the number of times you loop.
You need to do 3 things.
1) Write a function that decrements by 1.
2) Write a function that subtracts one variable from another.
3) Write a function that divides one variable by another.
4) See if you can implement all 3 using at most 4 variables. Meaning, you're not making function calls now, you're making macros. And at most you can have 4 variables. The restriction really only applies to divide, the other 2 are easy to do with 4 vars or less. Division on the other hand is dependent on the other 2 functions, so, if subtract requires 3 variables, then divide only has 1 variable left unchanged after a call to subtract. Basically, just make your function calls to decrement and subtract so you pass your vars in by reference, and you can't declare any new variables in a function, what you pass in is all it gets.

Linked lists

* 86. Under what circumstances can one delete an element from a singly linked list in constant time?

ANS. If the list is circular and there are no references to the nodes in the list from anywhere else! Just copy the contents of the next node and delete the next node. If the list is not circular, we can delete any but the last node using this idea. In that case, mark the last node as dummy!

* 87. Given a singly linked list, determine whether it contains a loop or not.

ANS. (a) Start reversing the list. If you reach the head, gotcha! there is a loop!
But this changes the list. So, reverse the list again.
(b) Maintain two pointers, initially pointing to the head. Advance one of them one node at a time. And the other one, two nodes at a time. If the latter overtakes the former at any time, there is a loop!

          p1 = p2 = head;

         do {
              p1 = p1->next;
              p2 = p2->next->next;
         } while (p1 != p2);

88. Given a singly linked list, print out its contents in reverse order. Can you do it without using any extra space?

ANS. Start reversing the list. Do this again, printing the contents.

89. Given a binary tree with nodes, print out the values in pre-order/in-order/post-order without using any extra space.

90. Reverse a singly linked list recursively. The function prototype is node * reverse (node *) ;

ANS.

    node * reverse (node * n)
     {
        node * m ;

        if (! (n && n -> next))
          return n ;
       
        m = reverse (n -> next) ;
        n -> next -> next = n ;
        n -> next = NULL ;
        return m ;
     }

91. Given a singly linked list, find the middle of the list.

HINT. Use the single and double pointer jumping. Maintain two pointers, initially pointing to the head. Advance one of them one node at a time. And the other one, two nodes at a time. When the double reaches the end, the single is in the middle. This is not asymptotically faster but seems to take less steps than going through the list twice.

Bit-manipulation

92. Reverse the bits of an unsigned integer.

ANS.

    #define reverse(x)                                           (x=x>>16|(0x0000ffff&x)<<16,                          x=(0xff00ff00&x)>>8|(0x00ff00ff&x)<<8,               x=(0xf0f0f0f0&x)>>4|(0x0f0f0f0f&x)<<4,               x=(0xcccccccc&x)>>2|(0x33333333&x)<<2,               x=(0xaaaaaaaa&x)>>1|(0x55555555&x)<<1)

* 93. Compute the number of ones in an unsigned integer.

ANS.

   #define count_ones(x)                                     (x=(0xaaaaaaaa&x)>>1+(0x55555555&x),               x=(0xcccccccc&x)>>2+(0x33333333&x),               x=(0xf0f0f0f0&x)>>4+(0x0f0f0f0f&x),               x=(0xff00ff00&x)>>8+(0x00ff00ff&x),               x=x>>16+(0x0000ffff&x))

94. Compute the discrete log of an unsigned integer.

ANS.

#define discrete_log(h) (h=(h>>1)|(h>>2), h|=(h>>2), h|=(h>>4), h|=(h>>8), h|=(h>>16), h=(0xaaaaaaaa&h)>>1+(0x55555555&h), h=(0xcccccccc&h)>>2+(0x33333333&h), h=(0xf0f0f0f0&h)>>4+(0x0f0f0f0f&h), h=(0xff00ff00&h)>>8+(0x00ff00ff&h), h=(h>>16)+(0x0000ffff&h))

If I understand it right, log2(2) =1, log2(3)=1, log2(4)=2..... But this macro does not work out log2(0) which does not exist! How do you think it should be handled?

* 95. How do we test most simply if an unsigned integer is a power of two?

ANS. #define power_of_two(x) \ ((x)&&(~(x&(x-1))))

96. Set the highest significant bit of an unsigned integer to zero.

ANS. (from Denis Zabavchik) Set the highest significant bit of an unsigned integer to zero
#define zero_most_significant(h) (h&=(h>>1)|(h>>2), h|=(h>>2), h|=(h>>4), h|=(h>>8), h|=(h>>16))

97. Let f(k) = y where k is the y-th number in the increasing sequence of non-negative integers with the same number of ones in its binary representation as y, e.g. f(0) = 1, f(1) = 1, f(2) = 2, f(3) = 1, f(4) = 3, f(5) = 2, f(6) = 3 and so on. Given k >= 0, compute f(k).

Others

98. A character set has 1 and 2 byte characters. One byte characters have 0 as the first bit. You just keep accumulating the characters in a buffer. Suppose at some point the user types a backspace, how can you remove the character efficiently. (Note: You cant store the last character typed because the user can type in arbitrarily many backspaces)

99. What is the simples way to check if the sum of two unsigned integers has resulted in an overflow.

100. How do you represent an n-ary tree? Write a program to print the nodes of such a tree in breadth first order.

101. Write the 'tr' program of UNIX. Invoked as

tr -str1 -str2. It reads stdin and prints it out to stdout, replacing every occurance of str1[i] with str2[i].

e.g. tr -abc -xyz
to be and not to be <- input
to ye xnd not to ye <- output

Networks and Security

1. How do you use RSA for both authentication and secrecy?

2. What is ARP and how does it work?

3. What's the difference between a switch and a router?

4. Name some routing protocols? (RIP,OSPF etc..)

5. How do you do authentication with message digest(MD5)? (Usually MD is used for finding tampering of data)

6. How do you implement a packet filter that distinguishes following cases and selects first case and rejects second case.

i) A host inside the corporate n/w makes a ftp request to outside host and the outside host sends reply.

ii) A host outside the network sends a ftp request to host inside. for the packet filter in both cases the source and destination fields will look the same.

7. How does traceroute work? Now how does traceroute make sure that the packet follows the same path that a previous (with ttl - 1) probe packet went in?

8. Explain Kerberos Protocol ?

9. What are digital signatures and smart cards?

10. Difference between discretionary access control and mandatory access control?

Java

1. How do you find the size of a java object (not the primitive type) ?

ANS. type cast it to string and find its s.length()

2. Why is multiple inheritance not provided in Java?

3. Thread t = new Thread(); t.start(); t = null; now what will happen to the created thread?

4. How is garbage collection done in java?

5. How do you write a "ping" routine in java?

6. What are the security restrictions on applets?

Graphics

1. Write a function to check if two rectangles defined as below overlap or not. struct rect { int top, bot, left, right; } r1, r2;

2. Write a SetPixel(x, y) function, given a pointer to the bitmap. Each pixel is represented by 1 bit. There are 640 pixels per row. In each byte, while the bits are numbered right to left, pixels are numbered left to right. Avoid multiplications and divisions to improve performance.

Databases

* 1. You, a designer want to measure disk traffic i.e. get a histogram showing the relative frequency of I/O/second for each disk block. The buffer pool has b buffers and uses LRU replacement policy. The disk block size and buffer pool block sizes are the same. You are given a routine int lru_block_in_position (int i) which returns the block_id of the block in the i-th position in the list of blocks managed by LRU. Assume position 0 is the hottest. You can repeatedly call this routine. How would you get the histogram you desire?

Hints and Answers

1. Simply do histogram [lru_block_in_position (b-1)] ++ at frequent intervals... The sampling frequency should be close to the disk I/O rate. It can be adjusted by remembering the last block seen in position b. If same, decrease frequency; if different, increase, with exponential decay etc. And of course, take care of overflows in the histogram.

Semaphores

1. Implement a multiple-reader-single-writer lock given a compare-and-swap instruction. Readers cannot overtake waiting writers.

Computer Architecture

1. Explain what is DMA?
2. What is pipelining?
3. What are superscalar machines and vliw machines?
4. What is cache?
5. What is cache coherency and how is it eliminated?
6. What is write back and write through caches?
7. What are different pipelining hazards and how are they eliminated.
8. What are different stages of a pipe?
9. Explain more about branch prediction in controlling the control hazards
10. Give examples of data hazards with pseudo codes.
11. How do you calculate the number of sets given its way and size in a cache?
12. How is a block found in a cache?
13. Scoreboard analysis.
14. What is miss penalty and give your own ideas to eliminate it.
15. How do you improve the cache performance.
16. Different addressing modes.
17. Computer arithmetic with two's complements.
18. About hardware and software interrupts.
19. What is bus contention and how do you eliminate it.
20. What is aliasing?
21) What is the difference between a latch and a flip flop?
22) What is the race around condition? How can it be overcome?
23) What is the purpose of cache? How is it used?
24) What are the types of memory management?

Questions on Operating Systems - I

2006-03-22T21:07:00.000+05:30

What are the basic functions of an operating system?
Explain briefly about, processor, assembler, compiler, loader, linker and the functions executed by them.
What are the difference phases of software development? Explain briefly?
Differentiate between RAM and ROM?
What is DRAM? In which form does it store data?
What is cache memory?
What is hard disk and what is its purpose?
Differentiate between Complier and Interpreter?
What are the different tasks of Lexical analysis?
What are the different functions of Syntax phase, Scheduler?
What are the main difference between Micro-Controller and Micro- Processor?
Describe different job scheduling in operating systems.
What is a Real-Time System ?
What is the difference between Hard and Soft real-time systems ?
What is a mission critical system ?
What is the important aspect of a real-time system ?
If two processes which shares same system memory and system clock in a distributed system, What is it called?
What is the state of the processor, when a process is waiting for some event to occur?
What do you mean by deadlock?
Explain the difference between microkernel and macro kernel.
Give an example of microkernel.
When would you choose bottom up methodology?
When would you choose top down methodology?
Write a small dc shell script to find number of FF in the design.
Why paging is used ?
Which is the best page replacement algorithm and Why? How much time is spent usually in each phases and why?
Difference between Primary storage and secondary storage?
What is multi tasking, multi programming, multi threading?
Difference between multi threading and multi tasking?
Define Demand paging, page faults, replacement algorithms, thrashing,.
Explain about paged segmentation and segment paging
While running DOS on a PC, which command would be used to duplicate the entire diskette?
What is MUTEX ?
What isthe difference between a 'thread' and a 'process'?
What is INODE?
Explain the working of Virtual Memory.
How does Windows NT supports Multitasking?
Explain the Unix Kernel.
What is Concurrency? Expain with example Deadlock and Starvation.
What are your solution strategies for "Dining Philosophers Problem" ?
Explain Memory Partitioning, Paging, Segmentation.
Explain Scheduling.
Operating System Security.
What is Semaphore?
Explain the following file systems : NTFS, Macintosh(HPFS), FAT .
What are the different process states?
What is Marshalling?
Define and explain COM?
Difference - Loading and Linking ?

Questions on Data Structure - I

2006-03-21T19:12:00.000+05:30

What is a data structure?
What does abstract data type means?
Evaluate the following prefix expression " ++ 26 + - 1324" (Similar types can be asked)
Convert the following infix expression to post fix notation ((a+2)*(b+4)) -1 (Similar types can be asked)
How is it possible to insert different type of elements in stack?
Stack can be described as a pointer. Explain.
Write a Binary Search program
Write programs for Bubble Sort, Quick sort
Explain about the types of linked lists
How would you sort a linked list?
Write the programs for Linked List (Insertion and Deletion) operations
What data structure would you mostly likely see in a non recursive implementation of a recursive algorithm?
What do you mean by Base case, Recursive case, Binding Time, Run-Time Stack and Tail Recursion?
Explain quick sort and merge sort algorithms and derive the time-constraint relation for these.
Explain binary searching, Fibinocci search.
What is the maximum total number of nodes in a tree that has N levels? Note that the root is level (zero)
How many different binary trees and binary search trees can be made from three nodes that contain the key values 1, 2 & 3?
A list is ordered from smaller to largest when a sort is called. Which sort would take the longest time to execute?
A list is ordered from smaller to largest when a sort is called. Which sort would take the shortest time to execute?
When will you sort an array of pointers to list elements, rather than sorting the elements themselves?
The element being searched for is not found in an array of 100 elements. What is the average number of comparisons needed in a sequential search to determine that the element is not there, if the elements are completely unordered?
What is the average number of comparisons needed in a sequential search to determine the position of an element in an array of 100 elements, if the elements are ordered from largest to smallest?
Which sort show the best average behavior?
What is the average number of comparisons in a sequential search?
Which data structure is needed to convert infix notations to post fix notations?
What do you mean by:

Syntax Error
Logical Error
Runtime Error

How can you correct these errors?

In which data structure, elements can be added or removed at either end, but not in the middle?
How will inorder, preorder and postorder traversals print the elements of a tree?
Parenthesis are never needed in prefix or postfix expressions. Why?
Which one is faster? A binary search of an orderd set of elements in an array or a sequential search of the elements.